الفهرس 
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Abstract
The present study was designed to investigatethe cytotoxic effect of kefir product PFT against the viability of mouse Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma Cell line (EAC) and human cancer cell lines; liver carcinoma (HepG2), breast carcinoma (MCF-7) and colon carcinoma (CACO-2) in vitro, and to evaluate the anticancer activity of PFT against the development of tumor in mice inoculated with EAC cells. In the vitro study, cancer cells were cultured with PFT atdifferent concentrations (0.6 ―5.0 mg/ml) for different incubation times.Cell viability and IC50 were examined using MTT assay and Trypan blue exclusion method.MTT assay showed that PFT effectively enhanced cytotoxicity against EAC cells as shown by IC50 of 3.30mg/ml, 1.56mg/ml and 1.11mg/ml for 1, 24 and 48 hrs, respectively. Marked reduction in % cell viability and IC50was also observed for the different human cell lines and the maximum decrease for IC50 was recorded after 72 hours incubation. MCF-7 cells IC50was 2.02 mg/ml), HepG2 IC50was 1.13 mg/ml and CACO-2 cells IC50was 1.71mg/ml. Similar results were noted by Trypan blue exclusion method. In the vivo study. 69 female albino mice were used. Animals were inoculated intramuscularly with EAC cells to develop solid tumors. PFT was administered orally (2mg/kg/day) to mice 6 days/week, either two days prior tumor cells inoculation or nine days post inoculation to mice bearing solid tumors. Samples were collected at day 30 of tumor cells inoculation. Mice were randomly divided into five groups as follows: Group-1 (Control): 10 Mice served as untreated normal controls.Group-2 (PFT): 10 Mice were given PFT, six times a week throughout the study.Group-3 (ET): 15 mice-bearing solid tumor without any treatment.Group-4 (PFT+ET): 17 Animals received PFT, 2 days before tumor cells inoculation and continued until day 30.Group-5 (ET + PFT): 17 Solid tumor bearing mice were posttreated with PFT starting from day 9 until the end of the study. The present In vitro study demonstrated that kefir grain-PFT, a non-toxic natural product, showed potent cytotoxic effect against mouse EAC cell line and human tumor cell lines MCF-7, HepG2 and CACO-2. In vivo study demonstrated that the natural product PFT exerted significant anticancer activity against the development of EAC tumor cells with no toxicity in the normal cells. PFT intake maintained Body and organs weight within normal values. PFT intake maintained liver function and hematological parameters within normal values.PFT pretreatment reduced tumor incidence.PFT treatment inhibited tumor growth in mice inoculated with EAC cells.