الفهرس 
1) Definition of natural surfactantOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
A number of new peptides as well as some of new cationic surfactant
were synthesized. The structures of all synthesized compounds were
proved on the basis on their spectral and analytical data; IR, 1H NMR and
MS spectra which all agreed with the assigned structures. Some of the
synthesized compounds were tested and evaluated their properties as
surface active agent and for their biological activity.
Stearic acid (1) was refluxed with concentrated sulfuric acid in
absolute ethanol to give the ester derivative 2 in 90% yield which was
reacted with hydrazine hydrate to give the corresponding hydrazide
derivative 3 in 89 % yield
By the same way, palmitic acid (4) was reacted with concentrated sulfuric
acid in absolute ethanol to give the ester derivative 5 in 89% yield which
was reacted with hydrazine hydrate to give the corresponding hydrazide
derivative 6 in 91 % yield
The hydrazide derivative 3 was stirred with sodium nitrite, the product
was extracted in ethylacetate, the glycine ethyl ester hydrochloride (7)
was added in the presence of triethyl amine, the corresponding
monopeptide 8 was obtained after cooling in 82 % yield
The monopeptide 8 was refluxed with hydrazine hydrate in absolute
ethanol to give the corresponding hydrazide derivative 9 in 85 % yield
The hydrazide derivative 9 was stirred with sodium nitrite, the product
was extracted in ethylacetate, the glycine ethyl ester hydrochloride (7)
was added in the presence of triethyl amine, the corresponding dipeptide
10 was obtained after cooling in 78 % yield
The hydrazide derivative 6 was stirred with sodium nitrite, the product
was extracted in ethylacetate, the glycine ethyl ester hydrochloride (7)
was added in the presence of triethyl amine, the corresponding
monopeptide 11 was obtained after cooling in 79 % yield
The monopeptide 8 was refluxed with hydrazine hydrate in absolute
ethanol to give the corresponding hydrazide derivative 9 in 88% yield
The hydrazide derivative 12 was stirred with sodium nitrite, the
product was extracted in ethylacetate, the glycine ethyl ester
hydrochloride (7) was added in the presence of triethyl amine, the
corresponding dipeptide 13 was obtained after cooling in 78 % yield
The stearic hydrazide derivative 3 was stirred with sodium nitrite, the
product was extracted in ethylacetate, the leucine methyl ester
hydrochloride (14) was added in the presence of triethyl amine, the
corresponding monopeptide 15 was obtained after cooling in 77 % yield
The monopeptide 15 was refluxed with hydrazine hydrate in absolute
ethanol to give the corresponding hydrazide derivative 16 in 80% yield
The hydrazide derivative 16 was stirred with sodium nitrite, the
product was extracted in ethylacetate, the leucine methyl ester
hydrochloride (14) was added in the presence of triethyl amine, the
corresponding dipeptide 17 was obtained after cooling in 79 % yield
The palmitic hydrazide derivative 6 was stirred with sodium nitrite,
the product was extracted in ethylacetate, the leucine methyl ester
hydrochloride (14) was added in the presence of triethyl amine, the
corresponding monopeptide 18 was obtained after cooling in 78 % yield
The monopeptide 18 was refluxed with hydrazine hydrate in absolute
ethanol to give the corresponding hydrazide derivative 19 in 82 % yield
The hydrazide derivative 19 was stirred with sodium nitrite, the
product was extracted in ethylacetate, the leucine methyl ester
hydrochloride (14) was added in the presence of triethyl amine, the
corresponding dipeptide 20 was obtained after cooling in 79 % yield
The stearic hydrazide derivative 3 was stirred with sodium nitrite, the
product was extracted in ethylacetate, the β-alanine methyl ester
hydrochloride (21) was added in the presence of triethyl amine, the
corresponding monopeptide 22 was obtained after cooling in 77 % yield
The monopeptide 22 was refluxed with hydrazine hydrate in absolute
ethanol to give the corresponding hydrazide derivative 23 in 78% yield
The hydrazide derivative 23 was stirred with sodium nitrite, the
product was extracted in ethylacetate, the tyrosine ethyl ester
hydrochloride (24) was added in the presence of triethyl amine, the
corresponding dipeptide 25 was obtained after cooling in 84 % yield
The palmitic hydrazide derivative 6 was stirred with sodium nitrite,
the product was extracted in ethylacetate, the β-alanine methyl ester
hydrochloride (21) was added in the presence of triethyl amine, the
corresponding monopeptide 26 was obtained after cooling in 77 % yield
The monopeptide 26 was refluxed with hydrazine hydrate in absolute
ethanol to give the corresponding hydrazide derivative 27 in 83 % yield
The hydrazide derivative 27 was stirred with sodium nitrite, the
product was extracted in ethylacetate, the β-alanine methyl ester
hydrochloride (21) was added in the presence of triethyl amine, the
corresponding dipeptide 28 was obtained after cooling in 84 % yield
Compound 16 was sterried with chloroacetylchloride in anhydrous
dichloromethane in the presence of trimethyl amine as a catalyst to give
the compound 29 in 85% yield
Compound 23 was sterried with chloroacetylchloride in anhydrous
dichloro methane in the presence of trimethyl amine as a catalyst to
afford the compound 30 in 80 % yield
By the same way compound 27 was sterried with chloroacetylchloride
in anhydrous dichloro methane in the presence of trimethyl amine as a
catalyst to give the compound 31 in yield 84 %
Compound 29 was sterried with trimethyl amine in tetrahydro furan to
give the compound 32 in 85 % yield
Compound 30 was sterried with trimethyl amine in tetrahydro furan to
afford the compound 33 in 87 % yield
Compound 31 was sterried with trimethyl amine in tetrahydro furan to
afford the compound 34 in 81 % yield