الفهرس 
HypertensionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The present study was carried out to investigate effects of
hypertonic saline solution (2%) on rats and to compare between
the therapeutic effects of proximol (Halfa bar extract),
lasilactone drug (Spironolactone+Furosemide) and their
combination on the levels of aldosterone hormone, some
electrolytes, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, oxidative
stress of the kidney tissue, kidney function, liver function,
glucose, lipid profile and the histological changes of the kidney
and the adrenal gland were studied.
Thirty five male rats were used and divided into five
groups. The first group served as negative control and received
fresh tap water orally for four weeks. The animals in the other
four groups drank hypertonic saline solution (2% NaCl) orally
as a sole source of drinking water for four weeks to induce the
animal model of renal stress. Then the renal-stressed rats were
further divided into: positive control, renal-stressed rats treated
daily with proximol (0.2 mg/kg b.wt), renal-stressed rats treated
daily with lasilactone (3.9 mg/kg b.wt), and renal- stressed rats
treated daily with a combination between proximol and
lasilactone for four weeks.In the renal-stressed group, there was increase in the levels
of aldosterone hormone, sodium, calcium, systolic and diastolic
blood pressure, NO, MAD, uric acid, urea, AST, ALT, ALP,
bilirubin, glucose, total cholesterol and LDL. There was also, a
decrease in the levels of potassium, GSH, HDL and triglycerides
as compared to the control group. Histological examination of
the kidney and the adrenal gland tissues showed marked
histopathological changes. The kidney tissue was manifested by
damage and shrinkage of Malpighian corpuscles, haemorrhage,
edema, deterioration of the brush border of proximal convoluted
tubules and necrosis in their epithelial cells. In the adrenal
gland, the changes included detachment of adrenal capsule,
disorganization of adrenal zones, presence of cytoplasmic
vacuolation, signs of necrosis in its cells and the presence of
haemorrhagic area and edema.
When the renal-stressed group treated with proximol, it
showed a decrease in the levels of aldosterone hormone,
sodium, calcium, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, NO,
MAD, uric acid, urea, AST, ALT, ALP, bilirubin, glucose and
LDL as compared to the renal stressed group. There was an
increase in the levels of potassium, GSH, total cholesterol, HDL
and triglycerides. Histological examination of the kidney and the adrenal gland tissues revealed an improvement of most
alterations that were observed in the renal-stressed rats.
Otherwise, the renal-stressed group treated with lasilactone
revealed a decrease in the levels of aldosterone hormone,
sodium, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, NO, MAD, uric
acid, urea, ALP, glucose and LDL. There were also, increase in
the levels of potassium, calcium, GSH, AST, ALT, bilirubin,
total cholesterol, HDL and triglycerides as compared to renal
stressed group. Histological examination of the kidney showed
atrophied glomeruli and mild degenerative changes of renal
tubules, some of the epithelial cells of the renal tubules had
pyknotic nuclei. Also, the adrenal gland structure of lasilactone
treated group could not return the adrenal gland tissue
completely like the control group, but it showed some
improvement in the adrenal cortex as compared to the renal
stressed group.
Finally, the renal-stressed group treated with the
combination between proximol and lasilactone drug revealed a
decrease in aldosterone hormone, sodium, potassium, systolic
and diastolic blood pressure, NO, MAD, uric acid, urea, ALP,
AST, bilirubin, glucose, total cholesterol and LDL as compared
to renal-stressed group. There was also, an increase in the levels of calcium, GSH, ALT, triglycerides and HDL. The histological
structure of the kidney and the adrenal gland of most rats of this
group revealed some improvement when compared to the
control and renal-stressed group.