الفهرس 
RESULTS & DISCUSSIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The production of activated carbon- based rice straw and its adsorption capacity for the catalytic removal of nitrogen dioxide has been investigated in relation to different parameters. The following conclusions have been withdrawn:
• Rice straw can be used as precursor (raw materials) for the production of activated carbon by physical or chemical activation method. It was observed that physical activation of rice straw produce activated carbon low in percent yield but with microporous structure to adsorb nitrogen dioxide gas molecule. While chemical activation produce high carbon yield but without microporous structure.
• As the activation time and temperature increased the yield decreased and adsorption capacity of activated carbon samples increased.
• For CO2 activation, as activation temperature and time increased the yield increased till maximum value at 800°C and 1 hr and any increase in temperature and time causing yield diminished. The best value of adsorption capacity (11.12 mg NO2/g AC) obtained also at 800°C and 3 hr.
• For steam activation is quite different where the maximum yield reached at 700° C confirming the reaction between carbon and steam is very vigorous. While the maximum adsorption capacity of steam activated samples was (8.64 mg NO2/g AC) at 900°C and 1hr.
• For KOH, ZnCl2and H3PO4, the optimum temperature was 800°C for producing the highest values of yield for three studied chemical agents. The most excellent chemical agent that gave the highest yield among impregnating chemicals was H3PO4 at 800°C and 3 hr.
• The most efficient catalyst was iron nitrate. It showed the best adsorption capacities for both steam and carbon dioxide activated samples (11.12 -8.64 mg NO2/g AC).
• Copper nitrate and vanadium metavanadate showed higher adsorption capacity in case of steam activated carbon samples than carbon dioxide activated carbon samples.
• The price of activated carbon prepared was lower than that imported by 6 times.
RECOMMENDATION
A positive point of this research is that a wide variety of further research points were initiated. According to the previous results and conclusion, the following are recommended:
• However, due to the high volume of samples, the only examination performed was simple screening procedures; no surface area analyses were performed.
• Value would be added to the present study if pore volume estimates and SEM images were conducted on each sample.
• Extensive studies of physical characteristics and surface area of the produced activated carbon must be accomplished. Carbon’s exact physical characteristics are unknown without more in-depth analysis.
• Studying physical activation under different parameters to produce higher values of activated carbon yield with improving miroporous structure characteristics to be applicable for gas adsorption.
• Activated carbon produced through chemical activation can be used for wastewater treatment applications due to mesoporous structure.
• Further study to produce activated carbon by chemical activation with miroporous under different process parameters.
• Studying different activated carbon production methods and optimizing the most excellent production method.
• Studying the affinity of activated carbon produced towards different air pollutants.
• Comparing rice straw with other abundant agricultural residues like rice husk to control flue gases.
• More in-depth analysis of other metals oxides to utilize as catalyst for gaseous pollutants removal.