الفهرس 
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Abstract
The aim of this study is to compare the push out bond strength and the penetration ability of four different sealers:
1. Bioceramic based sealers
2. Epoxy Resin based sealers
3. Calcium Hydroxide based sealers
4. Zinc oxide Eugenol based sealers.
• 80 single rooted teeth were decronated at the cement-enamel junction and canals were prepared by using protaper until F5.
• Specimen were divided into 4 groups according to the type of sealer used where group 1 TotalFilll BC sealer, group 2 AH Plus, group 3 CRCS and group 4 Endofill.
• All obturated root samples were sectioned into 3 sections coronal, middle and apical.
• 40 samples were imaged by the SEM for evaluation of penetration depth of each sealer at different root levels, prior to push out bond strength test.
• All the 80 samples were further subdivided into 2 subgroups, samples of subgroup A were subjected to the push out bond strength test after 7 days of obturation , while samples in subgroup B were subjected to push out bond strength test after 30 days of obturation.
After 7 days and after 30 days, the push out bond strength test showed that TotalFill Bioceramic sealer showed the highest bond strength followed by AH Plus, CRCS and then Endofill was the lowest with significant difference except CRCS had higher push out bond strength than ZOE with no significant difference. Also all the sealers showed significant increase in push out bond strength after 30 days. Regardless of the sealer used, push out bond strength test showed that in the coronal and middle sections were higher than apical with statistical significance. The result of penetration concedes with push out bond strength in which TotalFill Bioceramic sealer showed the higher penetration than AH Plus, CRCS and Endofill with statistical significance. However, the coronal and middle of the root showed higher values than the apical with statistical significance.
Conclusion:
Under the conditions of the present study, the following were concluded:
1. The composition of the endodontic sealer has significant effect on the bond strength to root canal dentine wall and penetration ability.
2. Bioceramic sealer provided better bond strength and penetration than the golden standard epoxy resin based sealer.
3. Time is an important factor for developing of the bond strength of sealers.
4. Still the apical part of the canal provides the most inferior quality of bond strength and penetration ability of sealers.
Recommendations:
1) Further investigations of different based sealers under different moisture conditions is recommended.
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