الفهرس 
Seminiferous epitheliumOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Tramadol is a centrally acting opioid analgesic drug that is widely used intreatment of pain. Tramadol is currently the most prescribed opioid in the world, so, abuse, dependence, toxicity and tramadol related deaths have been increased. The aim of this work was to assess the effect of tramadol on the histological structure of the testis of adult albino rat and to evaluate the effect of its withdrawal. The rats were divided into two main groups, the first as a control; the second was treated with tramadol and subdivided into six subgroups. The first, third and the fifth subgroups received tramadol once daily by gastric tube in a dosage of 40mg/kg for two, four and six weeks respectively.