الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Coronary artery diseases are the leading cause of death all over the world. The vorl
health organization (WHO) has estimated that CHD currently contributes t07.1 milli
deaths yearly on a global basis. The WHO also estimates that this figure will increase 10
11.1 million by 2020. Moreover, the incidence of death from heart disease in the E--
Mediterranean region ranges from 25 to 45 %. Several methods are used for diagnosis
treatment of heart disease, such as: intravascular ultrasound, cardiac catheterization. ches
X-ray, exercise test and electrocardiogram.V’l’” Although many noninvasive diagnosti
techniques have been commonly used, cardiac catheterization still remains the mos
definite procedure and currently is the golden standard for the investigation and diagnosis
of many forms of coronary and structural heart diseases.
This invasive procedure is essentially a safe procedure if certain precautions are
taken. Although complications are infrequent, they do occur and may be life threatening
hence, caring for patients under cardiac catheterization requires an expert nursing care
before and after catheterization procedure. The combination of nursing knowledge and
skills during these periods aims to assure safe and accurate procedure, improving physical
and mental health.
The present study aimed to; assess the knowledge and performance of nurse
caring for patients undergoing cardiac catheterization. This descriptive study was
conducted at the cardiac catheterization units of Alexandria Main University Hospital
{teaching hospital}, Health Insurance {Gamal Abdel Nasser Hospital}, and Governmental
Hospital {Sharq - El Madina Hospital}. A convenience sample of sixty CCNs including all
cardiac catheterization nurses who were involved in providing direct patient car
throughout different shift (morning and afternoon shift) in the previously mentioned units
were included in this study.