الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 107 |  |  |
| | | from | 107 | | |
Abstract
SUMMARY
The number of patients who suffer from renal failure in Egypt is increasing and hemodialysis remains the most common form of RRT for ESRD patients. But there are side effects especially on the eye due to metabolic and endocrinal disturbances, uremia, anemia of chronic illness, some used drugs like anticoagulation, desferrioxamin and increasing risk of infection .
There is increase in ocular morbidity as cataracts and corneal or sub-conjunctival calcifications, but retinal abnormalities also occur as a result of high blood pressure in these patients, including micro-vascular retinopathy, ischemic optic neuropathy, worsening of diabetic and hypertensive retinopathic changes, macular degeneration, hemorrhage, and calcification .
In addition to a decrease in visual acuity and possibility of occurrence of serous retinal detachment but that resolve spontaneously after B.p adjustment .
This work assessed the retina and optic nerve in forty haemodialysis patients by full ocular examination and fundus fluorescein angiography and followed them up every three months .
The longer the duration of hemodialysis the more the retinopathy and dimenution of visual acuity as in first visit retinopathy was 62.5% and in secand visit(after three months ) 70.0%.and in third visit was about 80.0% . and about thirty three out of total 80 eyes had vision < 6/12.and about nineteen eyes out of total 80 eyes had vision < 6/60.
Summary
- 83 -
There’s significant decrease in normal patients in the third visit and increase grades of hypertensive retinopathy .
Incidence of retinopathy increased in diabetic patients.