الفهرس 
Cardiovascular Disease in chronic Kidney DiseaseOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Chronic kidney disease is an established risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular disorder is a major cause of death among the world populations with chronic kidney disease. However, concomitant conditions like renal anemia cause patients with chronic kidney disease to have reduced tolerability to exercise, thereby masking the symptoms of cardiovascular disorder. Extensive investigations into cardiovascular disease for patients with chronic kidney disease are not allowed, primarily because of socioeconomic reasons. Thus, a screening test is very important and essential to detect cardiovascular disease before considering specific studies for asymptomatic patients.
from injured renal tubular cells, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is released because of several damaging stimuli, and is known to be one of the most promising serum biomarkers of impending kidney inflammation. The discovery that the vascular walls in rats, as well as renal tubules, respond to various types of damage by overexpressing NGAL protein represents a turning point in the new focus on NGAL. Many reports .