الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The studied area comprised the nearest north east fringes of Qaroun Lake shoreline, which considered as the main outlet of drainage water of El Fayoum Governorate via many drainage canals. The parent materials of the most lands are more related to the coarse textured soils. These soils were put under reclamation in sequence more than ten years ago, and most of their lands were put under cultivation. The newly cultivation, surface irrigation and the insufficient drainage system make up water ground table raised. The shallow and fluctuated ground water table caused induced a changes in soil chemicals and physical properties.
The relationship between different soil variables and ground water characteristics were identified through executing soil and water survey.
The current study carried on three sample areas covered the studied area, which were presented with 18 soil profiles represent most of the slope gradient, soil texture classes and water table level differences. The first sample area was vertical on the shoreline of Qaroun Lake and presented by soil profiles 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7. The second one was parallel to the shoreline of Qaroun Lake and presented by soil profiles .8, 9, 10, 11 and 12. The third sample area conducted in slope way between the two other sample areas and presented by soil profiles 13, 14,15,16,17 and 18. The eighteen soil profiles were dug to 120 cm or water table level.
Highly positive correlation between soil salinity and ground water salinity were detected, whereas, the reverse was observed with ground water depth, which showed a negative highly significant correlation.
In general, soil morpho-physical properties showed that most of the soil profiles under investigation suffer from salinity appearances. Therefore, it is accepted that such soils might need to reclamation and amelioration processes. The tested soil physical properties varied in between and through the same soil profiles reflecting direct effects on soil texture.
According to the current study we can conclude that, the problem of salt affected soils having shallow water table has a local issue because of poor land and water management practices as well as insufficient reclamation processes in the studied area. In order to permanently improve the studied soil area , it is necessary to not only leach salts , but also to have adequate drainage .The drainage system must provide amount let for the removal of the leachates as well as keep the water table deep enough to prevent salt laden ground water from moving upward to the root zone. Gypsum must be added according to its gypsum requirements to remove excess exchangeable sodium. For sustainable agriculture productivity preventing programs must be planned to avoid resalinzation or realkelinzation in the area through shallow ground water.