الفهرس 
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Abstract
Objective: This study was performed to evaluate the effect of abutment type (Zirconia abutment Vs. Titanium abutments) on the clinical outcome of early loaded implant-supported crowns. Patients and methods. In this study, 20 patients presented for the replacement of missing maxillary premolars. Patients were divided into 2 main groups (n=10) according to the type of implant abutments, as follows: group (I): Patients with commercial Titanium abutments; group (II): Patients with custom-made Zirconia abutments fabricated using copy milling technique. After 6 weeks of implant placement, all patients received provisional crowns which were replaced with all-ceramic zirconia crowns after 3 months according to the early loading protocol. Clinical and radiographic evaluation of the patients was performed immediately, 6 weeks with provisional crowns and after delivery of definitive crowns at 3, 6 and 12 months. Results. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding implant stability, pain, mucositis, probing depth, marginal bone level and restorative evaluation (p<0.05) However, there was a statistical significant difference between both groups regarding plaque index at 6 months (p=0.037) and at 12 months (p=0.022). Also, there was a statistical significance difference in the marginal bone level and probing depth within each group between the base line and subsequent evaluations (p>0.05). Conclusion. Within the limitation of this clinical study, it can be concluded that, one-piece copy milled Zirconia abutment proved to be a functional and esthetical alternative to commercial Titanium abutments to support an implant crown in maxillary premolar region. Early loading concept is a valid and predictable approach in the rehabilitation of missing maxillary premolars that shorten the healing period and achieved high level of patient satisfaction.