الفهرس 
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Abstract
Failed tympanic membrane grafting may occur immediately post-operative or late. Immediate failure may be either complete no take of the graft, infection or due to shrinkage and poor anterior adaptation of the graft, Late failure mostly due to atrophy of the graft without infection or after an attack of acute otitis media.The aim of this study is to compare the anatomical and functional outcomes of tympanic membrane grafting (that is previously failed) by two graft materials. The first is formaldehyde treated temporalis fascia and the second is tragal cartilage composite graft. Graft take, hearing results, complications were compared.
This study was conducted in the ENT Department, Assiut university hospital between 2013-2016 The study included 36 patients with CSOM with recurrent TM perforation.
The age of the patients in this study ranged from 15 to 37 years with a mean of 22 years. Fifteen patients were males (41.6%), and 21(58.3%) were females.
In 19 patients tragal cartilage with the covering perichondrium at one side was used to seal the TM, and in 17 patients, the formaldehyde fascia graft was used.
In our study the result of graft take in cartilage group was 68.4% and in formaldehyde-treated temporalis fascia graft groupwas 88.2% which is not significantly different, and the post-operative hearing gain in cartilage group was 11.08 ± 7.34 dB and in formaldehyde-treated temporalis fascia group was 8.99 ± 3.49 dB which is a comparable result and does not differe significantly.Summary:Also in our study, the postoperative tympanogram in all cartilage group was type B not indicating the condition of middle ear cavity, and it was type A in all FTFG group except one case with middle ear effusion in which resolved by medical treatment.
In conclusion, according to the result of our study, the cartilage and FTFG was comparable in the results of graft take and hearing after treatment of previously failed TM grafting, and the FTFG was reflecting the true configuration of tympanometry and can be used in cases where the cartilage was previusly consumed.70.