الفهرس 
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Abstract
Preterm infant is the birth of baby less than 37 weeks of gestation , while small–for–gestational age (SGA) refers to an infant born after complete 37 weeks with a birth weight less than the 10th centile . Zinc is the important trace element for the body. Zinc plays a major role in various aspects of physiology , immunity and skeletal growth. Its many roles include participation in basic metabolic functions such as cellular respiration , synthesis of many proteins and enzymes , DNA and RNA replication , carbohydrate metabolism , cell division and growth. Preterm and SGA infants are especially susceptible to zinc deficiency because of low body stores , limited capacity to absorb and retaining micronutrients , coupled with increased endogenous losses associated with organ immaturity and high nutrient demand to support catch-up growth.