الفهرس 
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Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is associated with immunogenetic factors. This study was planned to test for the association of TNF-α −308 and IFN-γ +874 gene polymorphisms with susceptibility and severity of SLE in Egyptian cases.bjects and methods : This is a case controlled study including 125 Egyptian cases with SLE in addition to 112 healthy unrelated individuals from the same locality. For all participants, TNF-α −308 GNA and IFN-γ +874 ANT genetic polymorphisms were characterized using the PCR technique.Results: Cases with SLE showed a significantly higher TNF-α −308 A allele carriage rate (AA + GA genotypes) compared to controls (26.4% vs. 12.5%, p = 0.009, OR = 2.51, 95% CI = 1.26–4.99). These cases showed also a significantly higher carriage rate for the IFN-γ +874 T allele (AT + TT genotypes) compared to controls (47.2%vs. 32.1%, p = 0.02, OR = 1.89, 95% CI = 1.11–3.21). Comparing age, gender, and disease severity presented by nephritis class, activity and chronicity indices in cases carrying the TNF-α−308 A allele and in cases carrying IFN-γ +874 T allele versus others showed no significant difference (p N 0.05). onclusions: TNF-α−308 A and IFN-γ+874 T allele carriage are associated with susceptibility but not severity of SLE in Egyptian subjects.onclusions - The adenine (A) allele has been reported to be a stronger transcriptional activator in vitro than the common guanine (G) allele. Therefore, the A allele frequency has been associated with the risk of autoimmune disorders. - TNF-α -308 A allele and IFN-γ +874 T allele carriage is associated with the susceptibility but not with the clinical pattern of LN among Egyptian subjects. - The oxidative stress expressed as MDA levels and the antioxidant status shown as SOD, CAT and GST activities can be used as the markers for SLE usceptibility with lupus nephritis (LN) in Egyptian patients.