الفهرس 
DedicationOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
orthodontic wire groups and to detect the microbial colonization level associated with orthodontic wire types.The samples of this study were distrusted as the following group 1: composed of ten St. Steel orthodontic arch wire group 2: composed of ten non-coated nickel titanium orthodontic arch wire group 3: composed of ten white-coated nickel titanium orthodontic arch wire group 4: composed of ten glass fiber reinforced plastic orthodontic arch wire. The group 1 and 2 represents the non-esthetic metallic wires while 3 and 4 groups represent esthetic wire types. Saliva was collected from volunteers with acceptable pH and the cultivated on suitable bacteriological media to isolate and identify the microorganisms. Streptococcus Mutans were isolated and the adherence test was carried out. The observation was categorized either low or moderate or high adherence depending on macroscopic observation. Also, microbial count was done and estimated then profilometer was used to measure surface roughness of the each group. The specimens were photographed using USB Digital microscope by affixed magnification 120 X. The collected data were statistically analyzed for descriptive as well as inferential way. On the basis of the result of this study the following conclusions were drawn: 1- The orthodontic St. Steel wire revealed the least amount of surface roughness to all groups. So, the St. Steel wire should poses the least amount of mechanical friction during the sliding mechano- therapy. 2- The white coated NiTi wires revealed less surface roughness than the non-coated ones and this can be attributed to the covering material “Epoxy resin”. 3- Surface roughness of the orthodontic wires shouldn’t be the only factor controlling microbial colonization but also the wire material type, salivary pH and the surrounding hygiene medium should be taken into consideration.