الفهرس 
PainOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Pain is a multidimensional sensory experience that is intrinsically unpleasant and associated with hurting and soreness. Although it is essentially a sensation, pain has strong cognitive and emotional components; it is linked to, or described in terms of, suffering. It is also associated with avoidance motor reflexes and alterations in autonomic output. All of these traits are inextricably linked in the experience of pain.The generation of acute surgical pain can be summarized in the following way. Surgery-associated tissue injury is interpreted neuro axially in the same way as trauma associated injury. Pain sensation varies according to the intensity, quality, and duration of stimuli. Surgery sets off a cascade of inter-related events designed to fight infection, limit further damage, and initiate repair. It involves nociception, inflammation, and nerve cell remodelling. Proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and neurotrophins induce both peripheral and central nerve sensitization to heighten pain awareness in order to limit further injury to the affected area. In the generation of pain, multiple pain systems are known to be activated. Gabapentin[1-(aminomethyl) cyclohexane acetic acid ] is a novel anti-epileptic agent , originally developed as a gammaaminobutyric acid (GABA)-mimetic compound to treat spasticity , and has been shown to have potent anticonvulsive effects , initially approved only for use in partial seizures ,it soon showed promise in treatment of neuropathic pain & choronic pain syndromes.