الفهرس 
Cover Page Title in EnglishOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
One hundred frozen meat samples were collected in this study from different frozen beef and buffalo meat cuts imported from India, Brazil, and Samples are collected from Alexandria port (40sample) and Dekheilla port (60 sample) located at Alexandria Governate transferred to to the Microbiological Laboratory in the General Authority for Control of Exports and Imports. Percentage of obtained isolates on (XLD and HE) and Serologically, biochemically by traditional method and VITEK2 identified as Salmonella was 2/100 (2%). Results were confirmed by molecular identification of Salmonella species using genes (invA, sefA) and resisstance genes ( blaTEM). Conventional PCR by using primers specific for invA gene is rapid, sensitive, and specific for detection of Salmonella in many clinical samples. Conventional PCR by using primers specific for sefA geneConfirmed to be Salmonella Enteritidis by Amplification of sefA gene by predicted product a 310bp DNA fragment. Conventional PCR by using primers specific for blaTEM geneWere confirmed ESBL which expressed by Salmonella Enteritidis by Amplification of blaTEM gene by predicted product a 516 bp DNA fragment. The Salmonella strains express an ESBL (major resistance mechanisms) that is able to hydrolyze monobactams and oxyimino cephalosporins (such as cefotaxime and ceftazidime) but not the cephamycins. Results of isolation of Yersinia species on (CIN) agar were 3 isolated suspected to be pathogenic Yersinia species biochemically tested by traditional method (positive Catalase, negative Oxidase, TSI cc by alkaline (red) slants and acid (yellow) butt no H2S and no gas in. , positive christensen’s urease test). But by VITEK2 identified as negative Yersinia species but positive Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Pseudomonas putida and Citrobacter amalonaticus. Enterobacteriaceae other than Yersinia may grow on these media especially Citrobacter species, the isolation of enteropathogenic Yersinia is difficult and time consuming.