الفهرس 
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Abstract
Retained placenta is costly to a dairy operation because it effects on the production and reproduction also causes economic loss. It considered from the most important factors leading to uterine infection and toxic puerperal metritis occurring during the early postpartum period. So, this study throws the light on the effect of oral ginseng supplementation in relation to the problems of retained placenta in dairy cows to investigate:
1-The incidence of placental retention in dairy Friesian cows.
2-The placental retention in relation to the parity, milk yield, first postpartum estrus, body condition score and service per conception.
3-The application of some treatment trails on the retained placenta.
4-The postpartum reproductive efficiency (calving, placental status, first postpartum estrous, service per conception and conception rate).
5-The level of some blood parameters (total protein, albumin, globulin, albumin/globulin ratio, phosphorus, calcium, zinc, copper, iron, nitric oxide and estradiol) in relation to the placental retention.
This study was conducted on 99 dairy cows of different ages (3-10 years ) and parities (1-7), which belong to EL-Janiedy dairy farm (Friesian cows) in Hihya Province.
Grouping of the animals:
After clinical examination of the cows under investigation they were classified into five groups:-