الفهرس 
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Abstract
A total of 100 clinical urine samples were collected from patients with urinary tract infection at Minia University Hospital. The highest prevalence of urinary tract infection was in females (63%) than males, who represents 37%. 122 isolates were recovered, and the most common pathogen was Escherichia coli (39.3%). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (diclofenac sodium, indomethacin, aspirin and ibuprofen), paracetamol were tested against 122 isolates and against standard strains and showed significant anti-bacterial activity compared to the effect of antibiotics. It was also found that the combined effects of NSAIDs, paracetamol with antibiotics against resistant E. coli isolates and against standard strains significantly reduced the MIC of antibiotics when tested alone. The results suggested that the mode of action of NSAIDs was through affecting the membrane permeability of the tested bacteria by using ethiodium promide influx assay, as well as through cytoplasmic membrane leakage and increased optical density (1.87) as soon as absorption at 260 nm. SEM images showed structural changes between treated bacteria compared with non-treated (regular and smooth surfaces).