الفهرس 
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Abstract
Escherichia colione of family Enterobactereace which is normal intestinal inhabitant but some strains due to their virulence genes play a major role in causing severe illness for birds ,animals and man appear as intestinal or extra intestinal forms .It’s found that a significant genetic similarity sharing between E.coliisolated from birds , animals and human which turned us for further researching to investigate the role of wild birds which act as a vehicle spread the virulence strains of E.colibetween domestic bird ,ruminant farms as well as human beings via its fecal matter.1. A total 156 fecal samples obtained from 3 species of wild birds which known to be in a direct contact with domestic birds ,ruminant farms as well as human population in Ismailia province divided as 51 house crows , 55 cattle egrets and 50 house sparrows fecal samples .2. All samples were examined microbiologically and biochemically for E.coli isolation and identification, the result showed that (93/156)59.6% were positive to E.coli divided as 26 positive from house crows (50.9%), 29 positive from cattle egrets (52.7%) and 38 positive from house sparrows (76%). 3. 30 E.coliisolates (10 from each species ) which undergo for further identification by serotyping ,were confirmed as E.coli strains by VITEK2.4. Serotyping of 30 E.coli isolates (10 from each species )was done resulting that : Ten E.coli isolates of house crows serologically belonged to O125 and O158 which were the highest serotypes identified (30% for each one ) , followed by O157 (20%) , followed by O119 and O166 (10%for each one ). Ten E.coliisolates of cattle egrets serologically belonged to O25 ,O27 ,O86 ,O166 ,O168 and O169 (10% for each one )and large group of isolates were untypable (40%). Ten E.coliisolates of house sparrows serologically belonged to O44 which was the highest serotype identified (30%) followed by O6 and O146 (20% for each one ) followed by O126(10%) and (20%) of E.coli isolates were untypable .
5. VITEK2 assay was applied for 6 serotypes (O157,O158 )from house crows , (O86, O166) from cattle egrets and (O126 ,O146 )from house sparrows for detection of antibiotic sensitivity , the result obtained was that ( amoxicillin/ clavulanic acid , cefalexin , cefpodoxime , ceftiofur , cefpirome , imipenem , amikacin, gentamycin , tobramycin and nitrofurantoin ) were the most effective antibiotics against the isolated E.coli strains(100%), on the other hand, tetracycline was the most resistant one (0%). 6. P.C.R. was carried out for the strains (O86, O126,O146,O157 , O158 and O166) for detection specific E.coli gene (phoA gene) all strains were positive for (phoAgene) (100%).7. The strains (O86, O126,O146,O157 , O158 and O166) were subjected for detection of other three diarrhaginic virulence genes (stx1,stx2,eaeA) genes ,It was found that : O86 was positive for (stx1,stx2,eaeA) genes,O126 was positive for (stx1,eaeA) genes ,O157 was positive for eaeAgene and O166 was positive for stx2gene but O146 ,O158 were not carriers any of these genes (stx1,stx2,eaeA).