الفهرس 
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Abstract
This study aims to evaluate serum level of fasting 25-Hydroxy vitamin D in children and adolescence newly diagnosed as type 1 diabetes mellitus with no treatment .
This is a case - control study included 80 children and adolescent divided into the following two groups :
group (I): included 40 patients newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus who attended Pediatric Endocrinology Outpatient’s Clinic, Minia University Children’s Hospital . They were selected during the period from October 2014 to April 2015 . They were 16 males (40 %) and 24 females (60%) with an age ranged from 2-16 years with a mean (9.4±3.7).
group (II): included 40 apparently healthy children and adolescent as a control group were sex and age matched with the diabetic patients and were confirmed by fasting blood glucose to be non diabetic by (ADA) criteria .
- All Laboratory investigations were done in Clinical Pathology Department , Minia University Hospital .
The studied groups were subjected to the following :
1. Thorough medical History .
2. Full clinical examination .
3. Laboratory investigations which include:
* Blood glucose level ( fasting and 2 -hours post prandial).
* Serum fasting C- peptide measured by ELISA assay .
* Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c %) levels .
* Serum fasting 25-Hydroxy vitamin D measured by ELISA assay.
The results of our study showed that:
• A significant difference between diabetic patients and control group regarding to family history which is positive in (13%) of diabetic patients compared to (5℅) in the control group. On other hand, there was statistical non significant difference between two groups regarding to age , sex and birth order .
• No significant difference between diabetic patients and the control group regarding to weight , height , body mass index and waist circumference and their percentiles.
• No significant difference between diabetic patients and the control group regarding to systolic blood pressure , diastolic blood pressure, heart rate and respiratory rate between two groups .
• The first clinical presentation of diabetic children and adolescence were , classic clinical presentation 35 patients (87.5 %) and accidentally discovered only 5 patients (12.5%) .
• A significant higher levels regarding to fasting blood sugar , 2-hour postprandial glucose and HbA1c % in diabetic patients compared with the control group . There was a significant lower level of C-peptide in diabetic patients compared with the control group.