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المستخلص Problem of the Research: The problem of the research can be specified in the two following points: ”The presence of the weakness of some first-year preparatory pupils in some dictation, calligraphy and written expression skills. To solve these problems, the present research tried to answer the following main question: What is the effectiveness of a program using blended learning based on constructivism in developing some of dictation, calligraphy and written expression skills of first year preparatory pupils? Questions of the Research: The current research tried to answer the following questions: 1. What is the effectiveness of a program using blended learning in developing some dictation skills of first year preparatory pupils? 2. What is the effectiveness of a program using blended learning in developing some calligraphy skills of first year preparatory pupils? 3. What is the effectiveness of a program using blended learning in developing some written expression skills of first year preparatory pupils? Hypotheses of the Research: The present research attempted to investigate the following Hypotheses: 1- There is a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of the experimental and control groups in the post-testing of dictation skills in favor of the experimental group. 2- There is a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of the experimental and control groups in the post-testing of calligraphy skills for the experimental group. 3- There is a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of the experimental and control groups in the post-testing of written expression skills for the experimental group. Purpose of the Research: The present research aimed at: 1. developing some dictation skills of first-year preparatory pupils. 2. developing some calligraphy (script and cursive) skills of first-year preparatory pupils. 3. developing some written expression skills of first-year preparatory pupils. Significance of the Research: The research can benefit from the following: 1. Pupils: The present research helps in developing dictation, calligraphy and written expression skills through using blended learning strategy. 2. Teachers: Blended learning strategy helps teachers develop dictation, calligraphy and written expression skills, and treat deficiencies in the traditional teaching methods. 3. Supervisors: It helps supervisors when they train in-service teachers on using the program, and adds new specialized training material for training modules in schools. 4. Curriculum planners: The program assists them in the preparation and development of the contents of the current educational curricula. 5. Parents: It helps them to follow their children’s progress in dictation, calligraphy and written expression skills. 6. Educational Research: It encourages them to do similar research in other educational stages in the use of blended learning in teaching. Delimitations of the Research: The present research was limited to the following: 1. Human limits: A group of first-year preparatory school pupils; because dictation, calligraphy and written expression skills are essential; and they lack these skills. 2. Spatial limits: Altawael Alsharkia Prep School - Saqulta Educational Zone - Sohag Governorate; where the researcher works, and it’s the beginning of the researcher’s sense of the problem of the research. 3. Time limits: The first semester of the academic year 2016/2017. 4. Objective limits: They can be stated as follows: - Some dictation subject matters that suit first-year prep. - Some Arabic calligraphy models that were limited to scrip and cursive skills in eight subjects from (أ) to (ق) in the first semester; because of their suitability to the pupils of first year prep, which get more than 80% of the jury members’ views. - Some written expression skills, which get 80% of the jury members’ views. Instruments and materials of the Research: According to the nature of the research, and its tools, the researcher prepared the following materials and tools: 1. A list of some dictation skills. 2. A list of some calligraphy skills (script and cursive). 3. A list of some written expression skills. 4. Designing a site named ”http://elmanhal.arkanorg.com” “Almanhal in Arabic writing for first-year preparatory pupils” with the help of (smart way) company to provide space for the site design, and the Facebook page entitled “Arabic writing Manhal at Saqulta educational zone” 5. A guide for teachers on how to teach using blended learning. 6. A student’s book on how to deal with Arabic writing Manhal site with the same graders. 7. A dictation skills test. 8. A calligraphy skills test (script and cursive). 9. A written expression skills test. Methodology of the Research: The current research used a quasi-experimental approach with the two equal groups (An experimental and a control group), where the experimental group was taught using the proposed strategy, whereas the control group was taught by the traditional method. Variables of the Research: Independent variable: The suggested program using blended learning based on the constructivism strategy. The Dependent variables: 1. Dictation skills. 2- Calligraphy skills. 3. Written expression skills. Results of the Research: The research found many of the results. The following is a brief overview of these results: 1. There is a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of the experimental and control groups in the post-testing of dictation skills at (0.01) for the experimental group. 2- There is a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of the experimental and control groups in the post-testing of calligraphy skills at (0.01) for the experimental group. 3- There is a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of the experimental and control groups in the post-testing of written expression skills at (0.01) for the experimental group. Recommendations of the Research: Based on the research results, the following recommendations are proposed: 1- Using blended learning based on constructivism strategy in teaching the Arabic language skills in the various learning stages and taking advantage of computer labs in schools. 2- Training Arabic language teachers in prep schools to use of multimedia-based blended learning strategy, and the Internet in developing other language skills for pupils. 3- Encouraging preparatory stage pupils to practice self-learning techniques in developing of dictation, calligraphy and written expression skills, and not just the traditional learning alone. 4- The need for providing educational resources in schools libraries for pupils to return to them when searching for information related to dictation, calligraphy and written expression. 5- Making use of the current program various and different skills in the teaching of dictation, calligraphy and written expression. 6- Diversifying the activities in teaching language skills within the syllabus through face-to-face and the Internet, and the involvement of students in teamwork, and shouldering the responsibility in learning. Proposals of the Research: suggestions for further studies: In the light of the results and recommendations of the current research, it is suggested conducting the following researches and studies: 1. Using the blended learning strategy in developing of dictation, calligraphy and written expression skills in other learning stages. 2- Building a program by using blended learning based on constructivism in developing of speaking skills of prep school pupils. 3- The effectiveness of a program using blended learning strategy for developing of writing skills among primary school pupils. 4- The effectiveness of a program using blended learning in developing literacy skills of prep school pupils. |