الفهرس 
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Abstract
This study was conducted at Lamar Dairy Farm (Talaat Moustafa Group) which located at El-Nubaria City, Behera Governorate, Egypt during December, 2012 to September, 2014 to investigate the effects of different glucogenic energy sources supplementation for two weeks prepartum and three weeks postpartum on milk production and composition as well as apparent nutrients digestibility in dairy cows. Total of 240 multiparous Holstein dairy cows (average body weight was 650 kg and lactation season 2.5) at the transition period were randomly assigned into equal four groups according to lactation period and lactation season. Feed ingredients were mixed to form a total mixed ration (TMR) containing concentrate to roughage ratio 58:42%. The treatment started 2 weeks prior to expected calving date (pre-partum) and continued for the first 3 weeks (post-partum) of lactation period. Cows were fed two TMR diets, the pre-partum TMR was consisted of alfalfa hay, corn silage, soybean meal, yellow corn, wheat straw, vitamins and minerals mixture. However, the post-partum TMR was composed of alfalfa hay, corn silage, green clover, soybean meal, linseed meal, beet pulp meal, distiller dried grain with soluble (DDGS), gluten feed, yellow corn, flecked yellow corn, wheat straw, molasses, limestone, vitamins, minerals mixture, protected fat (Bergafat), sodium bicarbonate and mono calcium phosphate.