الفهرس 
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Abstract
Introduction: Anaerobic infection is an infection caused by bacteria called anaerobes. Anaerobic bacteria have been defined as organisms that fail to grow in presence of air or molecular oxygen. Anaerobic bacteria require appropriate selection, collection, transportation and cultivation of the clinical specimens, Anaerobic wound infections are typically suppurative, causing abscess formation and tissue necrosis.Aim of the work: This study aims to isolate and identify the most frequent anaerobic species among wound infection by different methods either conventional or molecular Patients and methods: This study was performed on randomly selected 206 patients, their ages ranged from 30 to 70 years and they were 110 males and 96 females.The specimens were collected during the periodof March 2015 to April2017 from the inpatient and outpatient Clinics of Mansoura University Hospital, Plastic,Burn and Isolation Centers.The specimens were selected from 5groups of wound infection patients who had signs suspect anaerobic infections. And the speciemens identified by presumptive, automated methods and molecular identification. Results: frequency of isolated anaerobic bacteria was 22.3% and demonstrated the increased sensitivity of molecular microbial identification over conventional methods and vitek system Conclusion: PCR has higher rank than the vitek system in identification of anaerobic isolates. PCR has higher sensitivity than vitek in the identification of anaerobic isolate.