الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Introduction: Almost major abdominal surgery is always followed by a postoperative fasting. Pain, abdominal distension, and gastric atony make oral feeding difficult or unadvisable during the first days after surgery. If the postoperative course evolves uneventfully, most patients will be able to resume an oral regular feeding within three to seven days of the surgical procedure.
Objectives: The aim of essay is to review the updates in nutritional support for patients in postoperative period, after major surgeries.
Data Sources: Medline databases (PubMed, Medscape, ScienceDirect. EMF-Portal) and all materials available in the Internet till 2018.
Study selection: This search presented 119 articles. The articles studied the role of contrast enhanced spectral mammography in diagnosis of suspicious and malignant brest lesion.
Data Extraction: If the studies did not fulfill the inclusion criteria, they were excluded. Study quality assessment included whether ethical approval was gained, eligibility criteria specified, appropriate controls, and adequate information and defined assessment measures.
Data Synthesis: Comparisons were made by structured review with the results tabulated.
Conclusions: CESM also allowed a gain for the negative predictive value with a significant reduction in the false negatives. Compared with the standard of care for diagnostic procedures (i.e. mammography associated with breast ultrasound), CESM had a better diagnostic accuracy mainly due to improved specificity, and better positive and negative predictive values.