الفهرس 
LITERATURE REVIEWOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
In the context of global climate changing, low-carbon technology and low-carbon economy are increasingly concerned by the world Human industrialization brought great amount of carbon which resulted in global warming. Low-carbon technology is concerned because of its key role in the economic transformation of each country. At the same time, it becomes more important as a result of people’s profound understanding.
The agro.based food industry in Egypt is one of the main pillars of the improvement of the Egyptian economy, but it can be a major source of environmental pollution due to the large quantity of vegetable and fruit wastes generated. Organic wastes are often managed from agro.industries without proper planning and accompanying risks for surrounding environment.
Fermentation of the solid state is one of the most important technology used to enrich the protein for the residues of the agricultural industries and is widely used with different types of safe fungus strains, which increase the nutritional value of the residues of the agricultural industries and reuse as animal feed .. This represents the economic income of food products factories and the corresponding environmental return for the disposal of waste from industrial processes.
The problem of animal feed in Egypt has increased in recent years as a result of increasing demand, inadequate production and a rise in the world prices, which has affected the high prices of fodders . Therefore, alternatives should be search to increase the production of feed and its production from non.used materials such as agricultural wastes.
Fungus strains Trichoderma reesei and Trichoderma harzianum were used with five different substrates from agro-industrial wastes, namely; peels of mango, orange, apple, banana and tomato to the enrichment of protein for wastes by SSF to use as animal feed.
The optimum fermentation temperature and pH used to obtained the maximum crude protein were 28ᵒC and pH5 respectively. Crude protein content in fermented substrates with Trichoderma reesei and Trichoderma harzianum increased from (23.35, 21.88, 24.13, 16.19 and 9.5) g(w%) to (78.17, 30.05, 28.84, 19.82 and 14.06) g(w%) with Trichoderma reesei and (84.46, 33.37, 28.60, 21.65 and 17.60) g(w%) with Trichoderma harzianum for peels of tomato, mango, orange, apple and banana respectively. Tomato peels is a good substrate for protein enrichment followed by mango peel, orange peel, apple peel and banana peel respectively. Trichoderma harzianum was found to be the most promising strain for enrichment of protein in studied agro-industrial waste.