الفهرس 
ContentsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 141 |  |  |
| | | from | 141 | | |
Abstract
1. The aim of the study : Recent studies tend towards the use of biological and organic agriculture to increase the solubility of rock phosphate which is non soluble under Egyptian soils condition also, to increase productivity and improve the quality of agricultural products and reduce the use of mineral fertilizers, which increase the contamination of the soil and effect on human health. Hence, the use of bio-fertilizer-dissolving phosphorus in soils and organic fertilizers those help to facilitate the other elements to the plant to meet the needs of the key elements leading to reduce rates of mineral fertilizers and improve the quality of agricultural environments. 2. The study included the following elements : Studying the effect of biofertilizertion and organic fertilizers on faciliting phosphorus solubilization on rock phosphate by faba bean plant under clayey and sandy soil, where phosphorus is in non-soluble and where phosphorus is in unavailable form for absorption by the plant. Studying the effect of bio and organic fertilization on the mineral phosphorus fertilizers such as single super phosphate and rock phosphate under clayey and sandy soil.39Summary and Conclusion3. Experimental design and treatments:A pot experiment was carried out in the winter season of 2015/2016 under greenhouse in the Egyptian Fertilizer Development Center, Delta Company for Fertilizers and Chemical Industries, Talkha, Dakahlia Governorate to study the role of organic and bio-fertilizers in the validity of mineral phosphate fertilizers (rock and super phosphate) and their effect on the faba bean (Vicia faba L.), Giza 716 yield grown on a clayey and sandy soil under Egyptian conditions. The experiment was conducted in a one-way random design; which was the simple possible combination between seven treatments of different bio, organic and mineral fertilization.The main treatments were: 1. Control (without fertilizers).2. SSP (Single Super Phosphate), at rate of (6.5 and 13 mg P Kg-1 soil).3. RP (Rock Phosphate), at rate of (6.5 and 13 mg P Kg-1 soil). 4. SSP + O.M (compost), at rate of 12-mega gram ha-1.5. RP + O.M.6. SSP + Bio (Biofertilizers, mycorrhiza).7. RP + Bio.Each treatment was replicated 3 times, so the total number of studied pots was 21 in each type of the soil. The total pots are 42.39Summary and Conclusion4. The obtained results could be summarized as follows:1) Growth parameters:There were significant increases in the mean values of the studied growth parameters due to SSP and RP solely or combined with bio and organic fertilization. The addition of (SSP +Bio) showed the highest increase in these parameters in the clayey and sandy soils.2) Yield and yield components:There was a significant increase in the mean values of straw and seeds weights. The treatment of (SSP+ Bio) was superior to the other treatments and gave the highest values of straw weights in the clayey soil and (RP+ O.M) in the sandy soil. The addition of (SSP +O.M) showed the highest increase in seeds weights in the both soils.3) Quality parameters of faba bean.There was a significant increase in the mean values of seed yield, weight of 100 seeds, leaves chlorophyll and crude protein due to bio and organic fertilization when compared with the control. The highest value of chlorophyll, seed yield were found due to the addition of (RP+Bio), weight of 100 seeds and crude protein were found owing to the addition of (SSP+Bio) in the both soils.4) Macronutrients (N, P and K) concentrations in the straw of faba bean at flowering stage:-The mean values of N, P and K contents were significantly increased at the addition of bio and organic fertilization. The treatment of (SSP + O.M) was 39 Summary and Conclusion superior to the other treatments and gave the highest value in N; whereas the highest increase in P and K were under the treatment with (SSP+Bio) in the clayey soil. However, there was not significantly increased in N in the sandy soil, while the highest increase in P and K was recorded under the addition of (SSP + O.M).5) Micronutrients (Fe, Zn and Mn) content in the straw of faba bean at flowering stage:The mean values of Fe, Zn and Mn content were significantly increased at the addition of bio and organic fertilization in the clayey and sandy soil. The treatment of (RP + Bio) was superior to the other treatments and gave the highest value in Fe and Zn, whereas the highest increase in Mn were under the treatment with (SSP+Bio) in the clayey soil. However, the highest increase in Fe was recorded under the addition of (RP + O.M). While, the highest value in Zn and Mn were found due to the addition (SSP + O.M).6) N, P and K concentrations in seeds of faba bean plant at harvest stage : There was a significant increase in N, P and K concentrations due to organic and biofertilizers. The most increase in N, P and K was achieved under the treatment with (SSP+ Bio) in clayey soil. Nevertheless, the most increase in N achieved under the treatment with (SSP+ O.M) and the highest value in P and K were found due to the addition (SSP+Bio). While there was not significant increase in K.39 Summary and Conclusion7) Micronutrients (Fe, Zn and Mn) content in faba bean seeds after harvest stage : There was a significant increase in the mean values of (Fe, Zn and Mn) content in clayey soil. the highest value in (Fe) was obtained due to the treatment of (RP + O.M) while, the highest value in (Zn) was found due to the treatment of (RP+ Bio) .The highest value of (Mn) was observed owing to the addition of (SSP+ Bio). Nevertheless, in the sandy soil, it could be revealed that the mean values of (Fe and Mn) were significantly increased under the addition of bio and organic fertilization. The highest increase in (Fe) was due to the treatment (SSP + Bio) also, it could be revealed that the mean values of (Zn) were none significantly increased under the addition of bio and organic fertilization. The highest increase in (Zn) was in the treatment (SSP+ O.M) and the highest increase in (Mn) was in the treatment (RP+ O.M).
Macronutrients N, P and K concentrations in faba bean straw after harvest stage:Phosphorus fertilizers solely or in combination with bio and organic fertilization compared significantly increased the mean values of N, P and K.There was a significant increase in (N, P and K) .It is noticed that the addition of (SSP+ O.M) showed the highest increase in N and P in clayey soil, but it was (SSP+Bio) in K .However, in the sandy soil the highest increase in N and K was under the addition of (RP+O.M), the highest value in P was found due to the addition of (SSP+Bio). 39Summary and Conclusion 8) Micronutrients (Fe, Zn and Mn) content in faba bean straw after harvest stage : The mean values of Fe, Zn and Mn content were significantly increased at the addition of bio and organic fertilization in the clayey and sandy soil. The Treatment of (SSP + Bio) was superior to the other treatments and gave the highest values of (Fe and Mn) however; it was (RP + O.M) for Zn in clayey soil. While, treatment (SSP + O.M) achieved the greatest one for (Fe, Zn and Mn) in sandy soil.9) Available N, P and K of soil after harvest:The phosphorus fertilizers solely or combined with bio and organic fertilization resulted in a significant increase in the available (N, P and K) uptakes in the soil. The most increases in available N, P and K values were recorded under the treatment with (SSP+ O.M) in the clayey soil. The highest value in (N) was recorded under the addition (SSP+Bio). It could be observed that the addition of (SSP+ O.M) showed the highest increase in (P and K) in the sandy soil. The organic and bio fertilization increased N, P and K uptake by the whole plant.10) Available phosphorus in clayey and sandy soil: Availability of soil - P in the studied clayey and sandy soil was highly affected by bio and organic fertilization. Available P was significantly increased with organic fertilization followed by bio fertilization in the both soils.