الفهرس 
Flume ApplicationsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Increasing water demand and water value makes the understanding of water measuring necessary and important. The measurement of the discharge delivered and received by farmers will help ensure that each gets their fair share and establish a more equitable distribution of available water and promote conservation. Continuous improvements have been made to simplify, reduce cost, increase accuracy, and reduce head losses in open channel flumes.In practice, simple mobile device for water flow measurements in open channels was described. The device consists of a vertical pipe positioned axially inside a larger diameter horizontal pipe. The flow using this device can be easily measured through reading of water depth on the vertical pipe.A new simple mobile flume to measure a discharge through open channels in many fields has been investigated. The flume consisting of a vertical cylinder inserted axially into the horizontal semicircular pipe. The flow rate in semicircular channel can be measured by constricting the flow due to presence of vertical cylinder, resulting in critical flow conditions.The governing equations for discharge as a function of the water depth inside the vertical pipe (critical specific energy) were established, and several recommendations for its practical use are given.To calibrate calculated values an experimental program was made using physical model. [A laboratory experiment semicircular flow flumes for low discharges under different contraction conditions was conducted in a hydraulic flume with horizontal bed slope alteration facility at the Hydraulics laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University].