الفهرس 
2.1. GROUNDWATER POLLUTION SOURCESOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The present study occupies an area in the Western Nile Delta region including Sadat
City and its vicinity areas lying between latitudes 30° 10’ and 30° 55’ N and enclosed
between the Rosetta branch and the Cairo-Alexandria desert road. Sadat City area has been
partially populated and industrial area has been constructed inside the city. Groundwater is
the main source of water supply for different purposes in the area. The main objective of
the present study is to deal with the impacts on groundwater and surface water caused by
different development activities in the study area. Geological, hydrogeological and
hydrochemical data have been used to achieve different purposes in this study.
The Pleistocene sediments form the main water-bearing and highly productive
aquifer in the study area. The total thickness ranges between 350 m in the northeast and
150 m near Cairo-Alexandria Desert Road to the southwest. Groundwater in the
Quaternary aquifer exists mainly under phreatic conditions. Depth to water ranges from
<1 m to 8 m in northeastern part and increases in the southwest direction ranging from
20 m to more than 50 m from ground surface near Cairo-Alex desert road where high
topography is dominant. Groundwater levels range from about 12 m +msl, in the
northeast of Sadat City between El Tahadi and El Entlaq canals, to <1 m +msl in the
southwestern part of the study area. The groundwater flows mainly from the northeast
towards the southwest.
The groundwater vulnerability to pollution in the study area was divided into
different vulnerable classes indicating locations with high, medium and low
groundwater vulnerability. The high vulnerability sites are extending southeast–
northwest along the southern surroundings of El Nubaria and El Nasr canals. Moderate
vulnerability areas dominate most middle and east of the study area. Low vulnerability
areas dominate the southern and northwestern parts.