الفهرس 
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Abstract
Blastocystis spp. is considered as a widely prevalent protozoan parasite and also considered as commensal of the large intestine of humans for a number of years. But now there are more evidences recommend their pathogenic potential and their relationship with the etiology of IBS.
In this study, we estimated the incidence of Blastocystis spp. infection in IBS patients and evaluated if there is a relation between this parasite and IBS. The current study was done on 100 IBS patients where 57 male and 43female. The incidence of Blastocystis spp. infection between them was 47 (57.3%) and 35 (42.7%) respectively.
The IBS patients were classified into three age groups (<15 years old, 15-30 years old and > 30 years old) and the incidence of Blastocystis spp. infection between them was12 (14.6%), 36 (43.9%) and 34 (41.5%) respectively.
The incidence of Blastocystis spp. infection in IBS patients from rural and urban areas was 66 (80.5%) and 16 (19.5%) respectively.
In this study IBS patients complained of abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhea, alternation of diarrhea and constipation, distension and vomiting and the incidence of Blastocystis spp. infection between them was (85.4%), (84.6%), (84.6%), (82.4%), (87.5%) and (85.7%) respectively.
In the present study Blastocystis spp. infection was more common in IBS class C followed by class D then class A 46 (56.1%), 21 (25.6%) and15 (18.3%) respectively.
Interestingly Blastocystis spp. infection in IBS patients didn’t show any seasonal variation between different seasons.
The different diagnostic techniques that were used to detect Blastocystis spp. in this study were direct smear, Giemsa stain, Modified trichrome stain, culture on Jones’ medium and PCR.
The percentages of positive samples by using these methods were 69%, 77%, 80%, 82% and 54% respectively.
The sensitivity and specificity of different techniques were estimated in comparison to culture on Jones’ medium as it is considered the standard method for detection of Blastosystis spp. So the sensitivity and specificity of direct smear in comparison to culture on Jones’ medium is 95.7% and 48.4% respectively. where is the sensitivity and specificity of Modified trichrome stain in comparison to culture on Jones’ medium is 95% and 70% respectively, while the sensitivity and specificity of PCR is 62.1% and 83.3% respectively in comparison to Jones’ medium.