الفهرس 
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Abstract
Ketoconazole is an imidazole that used as a broad spectrum antifungal, it treats and prevents the fungal infections like thrush, gastrointestinal infections and the skin, nails, and scalp infections. The antimycotic effect of KTZ is to cause a direct damage in membrane of the fungal cell and to inhibit the 14-alpha-demethylase, occurring a membrane integrity and fluidity loss, which is an impact of ergosterol biosynthesis insufficiency. Due to the biopharmaceutics classification scheme (BCS), KTZ is a class two drug, because it is highly permeable and it is not water soluble enough to be dissolved in the GI fluids. The solubility and dissolution rate of a drug with poor water solubility can be improved by several methods such as the particle size reduction, using the surfactant, complexion inclusion, and solid dispersion which is one of the most efficient methods.
Solid dispersion (SD) defines the system which has the incorporating of one or more ingredients in a water soluble polymer matrix at solid state, by melting method, and melting agglomeration. Because the solid dispersion (SD) is economic and simple, it is commonly used in the pharmaceutical industry.
As a carrier in the solid dispersion preparation, PVP K 30 is one of the most common carriers as it is high water soluble in the molecular weight of 45000. The interstitial solid solutions formation is a favor of the molecular size of PVP K30. Poloxamer have been used to improve many hydrophobic drugs solubility, dissolution and bioavailability, as it is a solubilizing agent and a surface adsorption excipients. For some drugs, the solubility enhancement by Poloxamer is higher compared to other meltables.