الفهرس 
Definition and Prevalence of OsteoporosisOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
This study was carried out to investigate the possible
beneficial or detrimental effect(s) of visceral obesity on the
decreased bone mass caused by ovariectomy in rats, and to
elucidate the underlying mechanism (s) for such effect.
The study was performed on 48 female albino rats, which
were allocated into the following groups:
group I: Sham-operated Control (SHAM) group (n=12):
Rats in this group were subjected to all steps of
ovariectomy operation, without removal of the ovaries, and then
received control diet.
group II: High fat diet -fed Control (HFD) group (n=9):
Rats in this group received high fat diet without
ovariectomy.
group III: Ovariectomized (OVX) group (n=14):
Rats in this group were ovariectomized, and then received
control diet.
group IV: High fat diet -fed Ovariectomized (OVX-HFD) group
(n=13):
Rats in this group were ovariectomized, and then received
high fat diet.rats were sacrificed 12 weeks after the beginning of the
experiment.
All rats were subjected to the following:
1. Assessment of obesity indices: Body Mass Index
(BMI) and Lee index.
2. Measurement of Waist circumference (WC).
3. Measurement of Hip circumference (HC).
4. Serum Calcium level determination.
5. Serum Phosphorus level determination.
6. Serum Alkaline phosphatase level determination.
7. Serum Osteocalcin level determination.
8. Weighing of visceral fat.
9. Histological examination of visceral fat.
10. Histological examination of tibia.
The encountered results revealed that rats fed high fat diet for 12
weeks showed:
Significant increase of % BMI & % Lee index, WC, HC,
VW, as well as VW/BWf compared to SHAM group.
Bone biomarkers; serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) as
well as osteocalcin levels were significantly increased compared
to SHAM group.Significant decrease of serum calcium & phosphorus level
were observed in these rats compared to SHAM group.
Histological examination of visceral fat showed that the
adipocytes appeared small, irregular and with minimal
mononuclear cellular infiltration.
Histological examination of the bone sections in the rats fed
high fat diet revealed marked (manifest, apparent) increase in the
number of adipocytes in the bone marrow with apparent reduction
of the volume of bone marrow as compared to the SHAM and
OVX groups. Whereas mean osteoclast (OCL) number showed a
non-significant increase.
Ovariectomized rats at the end of experiment showed:
Non-significant change of %BMI & % Lee index,
significant increase of WC, HC, VW, as well as VW/BWf
compared to SHAM group.
Bone biomarkers; serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) as
well as osteocalcin levels were increased although the increase in
osteocalcin levels were insignificant compared to SHAM group.
Our data showed that ovariectomy led to significant
hypocalcaemia and hypophosphatemia in the OVX rats.
Histological examination of visceral fat showed picture
relatively similar to the SHAM group.Histological examination of the bone sections in the OVX
group was clearly demonstrated that there is an apparent increase
in the number of adipocytes in the bone marrow as compared to
the SHAM group. The Mean cortical bone thickness (CBT) and
the mean trabecular bone thickness (TBT) showed a significant
decrease as compared to the SHAM group whereas the mean
OCL number was significantly increased.
Feeding ovariectomized rats high fat diet (OVX-HFD) resulted
in:
Significant increase of % BMI & % Lee index, WC, HC,
VW, as well as VW/BWf compared to SHAM, HFD, as well as
OVX groups.
Bone biomarkers; serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) as
well as Osteocalcin levels were significantly increased compared
to SHAM group.
Serum Phosphorus level was significantly decreased
compared to SHAM group while serum calcium level was
significantly decreased compared to both SHAM, as well as OVX
groups.
Histological examination, of visceral fat showed that the
adipocytes appeared small, irregular and with minimal
mononuclear cellular infiltration. Histological examination of the bone sections in OVXHFD
group revealed maximum deviation from the SHAM group.
Bone trabeculae appeared discontinuous with very wide spaces of
bone marrow showing numerous adipocytes. The number of
adipocytes was apparently increased as compared to the SHAM
and OVX groups. Erosion cavities were more apparent as
compared to the SHAM and OVX groups. The mean OCL
number was significantly increased as compared to SHAM and
the HFD groups and showed a non-significant increase when
compared to the OVX group.