الفهرس 
Tooth Color Perception and Appearance
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Abstract
The aim of the clinical part of the present study was to evaluate the color change, tooth sensitivity and patient’s satisfaction of the tooth whitening procedures associated with (WHITEsmile. LIGHT WHITENING AC and Crest 3D White Luxe Supreme FlexFitWhitestrips) bleaching materials and techniques after 3m, 6m, 9m and one year follow up periods. The in-vitro part of the study evaluated surface roughness and color change of enamel treated with different bleaching materials and techniques after different storage periods (resembling those of clinical trial). For the in-vivo part, twenty male and female adolescents (Age range from 18-25 years were selected to participate in the study following detailed inclusion and exclusion criteria with their anterior teeth shade A3 or darker. Prior to the study, the degree of tooth sensitivity of each participant was evaluated using Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Intraoral color digital photographs were taken in each evaluation visit as a permanent record for subsequent indirect evaluation and as a later reference after the patient approval. Participants were enrolled in a split mouth study design divided into four groups according to bleaching materials and/or desensitizer used. GP I:Right mandibular anterior teeth will receive (Over-The Counter) bleaching material followed by desensitizer application. GP II: Left mandibular anterior teeth will receive (Over-The Counter) bleaching material. GP III: Right maxillary anterior teeth will receive (In-Office) bleaching material followed by desensitizer usage. GP IV: Left maxillary anterior teeth will receive (In-Office) bleaching material. Ch. VII Summary and conclusion 170 The teeth color was measured along the evaluation periods at baseline (before any treatment), directly after bleaching and in 3 months intervals for a year postoperatively using a contact-type intra-oral spectrophotometer. Whitening strips were slowly stretched in controlled manner then applied the gel side of strip on labial surface of the mandibular anterior teeth. The strips were used for one hour per day, removed and discarded. This procedure was repeated for one week. After that, partial isolation was done by using lip retractors, cotton rolls and saliva ejectors. Protective cream was applied to the surrounding oral mucosa; the gingival protector was applied to obtain optimal covering of soft tissues, gingiva, neighboring teeth and 1mm from the teeth neck then light cured. A 32% hydrogen peroxide gel was applied directly over the labial surfaces of the maxillary anterior teeth with a thickness about1-2 mm. The prefabricated stent used to judge bleaching material thickness. The whitening lamp of the LED bleaching device was placed close to the patient’s mouth during the gel application, then it turned on for total application time 45 minutes. The heat source was then removed and teeth were allowed to cool down for at least 5 minutes. A desensitizing gel (WHITEsmile after Whitening Mousse) was applied to both groups I&III and left undisturbed for 10 minutes.