الفهرس 
Epidemiology and Historical considerationsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Background: Low- and middle-income countries have experienced an increase in the prevalence of CVD and 80% of the global burden of CVD occurs there. Despite the universal agreement upon the traditional CVRF for CAD, yet the distribution of theses CVRF may be different in various geographical areas and could be affected by gender differences as well as among different age groups. The availability of such information in Egypt and middle east countries could help implementing appropriate prevention programs.
Methods: A cross sectional, multicenter, observational study of patients presenting to coronary care units (CCU) in Egypt and diagnosed with ACS) A web-based case report form (CRF) was designed to collect demographic data, anthropometric measures, history of CVRF, laboratory parameters as well as noninvasive and invasive procedures performed. Statistical analysis was performed, and date were compared in men and women and in different age groups. Results: The study population comprised 1681 subjects, of whom 425 (25%) were women, most women (72%) were aged over 55y, while 46% of men were aged 55 y or younger (P <0.001). A larger proportion of men presented with STEMI (49%), while other presentations (unstable angina and NSTEMI) were more frequent in women (32% each; P <0.001. Central obesity (defined as a waist/height ratio >=0.5) was extremely prevalent in both men (80%) and women (90%). Men were more frequently current smokers (62%, vs 5% of women); P <0.001). Women had a higher frequency of most other traditional risk factors, including type 2 DM (53% vs 34% of men), hypertension (69% vs 49%), dyslipidemia (60% vs 45%), and obesity (71% vs 41%; P <0.001 for all). Diagnostic coronary angiography was performed in a similar proportion of men and women (62% and 59% respectively). However, radial access was more likely to be used in men (P <0.001). vs 34% of men). Conclusions: Obesity, smoking, hypertension and DM were the most common traditional risk factors among Egyptian patients presented with ACS, the incidence of hypertension and obesity was significantly higher in Egyptian females than males. Smoking was the more prevalent CVRF in younger age groups compered to hypertension in older patients. Only 54% of the STEMI patients underwent primary PCI, this was because many of the centers that involved in the study were non- PCI capable centers. This is an interim analysis for phase (II) of the first Egyptian study to evaluate the pattern and prevalence of risk factors among Egyptian patients using web-based software for randomization. After completion of data collection, this study may help in providing a database for the initiation of a national guideline and appropriate management protocols.