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Abstract This study aimed to investigate serum miRNA-122 expression in Egyptian patients in the Suez Canal Area with NAFLD and to determine its relationship with (I/D) rs3783553 polymorphism within the 3′ UTR of IL-1A gene, the binding site of miRNA-122. The majority of patients exhibited up-regulation of serum miRNA-122 expression. The major high risk D allele of IL-1A rs3783553 polymorphism showed association with increased incidence of NAFLD. Patients carrying the major high risk DD genotype had a significant increase in serum miRNA-122 expression. The study concluded that, serum miRNA-122 expression showed positive association with increased susceptibility to NAFLD in the study population. IL-1A rs3783553 polymorphism may be a marker for genetic susceptibility to NAFLD in subjects of the Suez Canal Area, likely through miRNA-122 mediated regulation. |