الفهرس 
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Abstract
Food borne pathogens can be found in various food stuffs, so it is important to detect food borne pathogens to provide safe food supply and to prevent foodborne diseases. The conventional methods used to detect food borne pathogens are time consuming and laborious. Hence, a variety of methods have been developed for rapid detection of food borne pathogens as it`s required in many food analyses. Rapid detection methods can be categorized into nucleic acid-based, biosensor-based and immunological-based methods. The present study emphasizes on the principles and application of recent rapid methods for the detection of food borne bacterial pathogens. Detection methods used were simple polymerase chain reaction (PCR), multiplex PCR, and real-time PCR. In the present study a total of 250 samples were collected from milk, milk products, meat, meat products, fish, shrimps, chicken meat and liver for detection of most common food borne pathogens. The bacteriological and biochemical results revealed that, 60 E.coli, 35 Salmonella and 10 Campylobacter isolates were recovered. The obtained isolates were serologically identefied using specific antisera. Some of the resistance and virulence genes of E.coli and Salmonella were studied. Antibiogram for the recovered E.coli isolates revealed high resistance to amoxicillin (100%), lincomycin (92%), rifampicin (88%), sulphamethaxzole+ trimethoprim (72%) and doxycyclin (64%), On the other hand, E.coli strains were highly sensitive to colistinsulphate (72%), (60%) for each of amoxicillin+clavulinic acid and spectinomycin and (56%) for ciprofloxacin. while Salmonella species were highly resistant to lincomycin, rifampicin, amoxicillin+clavulinic acid and spectinomycin with an incidence of (100%,), (100%),( 58.33%) and( 50%) respectively. On the other hand Salmonella isolates were highly sensitive to colistin sulphate (100%), enrofloxacin (91.67%), doxycyclin (75%) and (66%) for sulphamethaxzole+ trimethoprim. Campylobacter isolates were sensitive to nalidixic acid (62.5%) and ciprofloxacin (50%), while were resistant to chloramphenicol (12.5%) and ampicillin (25%). Real-Time PCR was applied on 22 samples of different food stuff for direct detection of food borne pathogens (E.coli and Salmonella). All randomly collected samples gave positive results.