الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Heart failure (HF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are both common in the elderly, and often coexist. Diagnosing COPD in HF is challenging because clinical features overlap, and dyspnea and fatigue are common symptoms.
The prevalence of COPD among individuals with HF ranges from 20% to 32% of cases, and 10% of hospitalized HF patients also suffer COPD. from the opposite side, HF is prevalent in more than 20% of patients with COPD. Moreover, the risk ratio of developing HF among COPD patients is 4.5 times higher than that of control individuals without the disease, after adjusting for age and other cardiovascular risk factors.
Coincidence of COPD and heart failure (HF) is challenging as both diseases interact on multiple levels with each other, and thus impact significantly on diagnosis, disease severity classification, and choice of medical therapy.
The current thesis aims to study the impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease treatment on the clinical condition of patients with heart failure.
This study included 40 patients with coexistent heart failure with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease admitted to cardiology department in Alexandria Main University Hospital and other hospitals within 6 months the study occurred from April 2017 to September 2017
All patients were on treatment for heart failure and we prescribed treatment for COPD and we followed the patients up to six months.
After two months, echocardiography and spiromerty were repeated for assessment of LV function and respiratory functions.
There is a significant improvement in echocardiographic data regarding (EF&LVDD&LVSD&LV mass) with adequate treatment of COPD and heart failure.
All cases that improved regarding echocardiographic data showed concomitant improvement in spirometric data (FVC & FEV1& PEFR) &none of the patients who didn’t improve regarding echocardiographic data showed improvement in spirometric data.
Not all patients received the same treatment as there is difference in socioeconomic status, renal functions and heart rate in ECG.
LABA and LAMA are considered the safest inhalers in cardiac patients.
All patients who were stop smokin