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Abstract Medical and economic importance of a herb plant, Plantago arenaria (family Plantaginaceae) led us to investigate the phytochemical constituents and biological activities of this species. The phytochemical investigation resulted in the separation and identification of one irroidal glycoside 50, the one phenyl propanoidal glycoside51, and one triterpenoid 41. in addition to identification of the volatile constituents of petroleum ether and methylene chloride extracts by GC/MS analysis, which was resulted in the identification of many acetogenins and monoterpenoids (1,5,5-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol 36 and (-)myrtenal 37), norsesquiterpene, (7-ethyl-1,4-dimethylazulene 38), diterpene,( phytol 39), triterpene,(squalene 40), steroids (stigmasterol 42 campesterol 43, -sitosterol 44, asstigmast-4-en-3-one 45and 3-hydroxy-14-βH-pregnan-20-one 46), alkaloid (6-methoxy-3-methyl-1H-indole 35), and further compound such as ( 1,2-dicyclohexylethane 47, vitamin E 48 and sulfolane 49) . |