الفهرس 
Matrix metalloproteinasesOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Cancer is a major cause of death worldwide. Radiotherapy
and chemotherapy also affect normal cells and results in side
effects that limit treatment. The rapid increase in knowledge of
the immune system and its regulation has led to a resurgence of
interest in immunological approaches as a target to eliminate
cancer.
Xenogeneic placental protein extract sterilized either using
0.2 micron Millipore filters (Centricon) or 2Gy gamma
irradiation and injected in mice as a vaccine stimulus to the
immune system before challenge with viable Ehrlich tumor.
This study aims to investigate the efficiency of the
prepared vaccine in immunotherapy against tumor cells. To fulfil
this aim, the MTT viability test which was assayed as a
cytotoxicity assay by using spleen cells, tumor size, animal
weight was also measured, lymphocyte count, CD8, granzyme B,
caspase-3, (MMP-2 & MMP-9) activities and protein
fractionation were investigated in blood of the different studied
groups.In order to fulfil the target of this study, a total of 255
female swiss albino mice weighing 22-25g were used. They were
divided into four groups, G1: is the untreated group (control
group contains 15 mice), G2: (120 mice) is the Ehrlich treated
group (injected with 2.5×105 viable Ehrlich tumor cells/mouse).
Third group (G3): is vaccinated with 6 mg/mL xenogeneic
placental extract sterilized using 0.2 micron Millipore filters.
Fourth group (G4): is vaccinated with 6 mg/mL xenogeneic
placental extract sterilized using Gamma irradiation
at dose level 2 Gy.
Each of the third and fourth group contains 60 mice and
divided into 4 subgroups (a, b, c and d) each contains 15 mice.
Results obtained from this study demonstrated high
significant decrease in tumor size for G3a, G3c, G3d, G4a, G4b,
G4c & G4d subgroups, Which was detected 10 days after tumor
appearance in Ehrlich treated (G2) group.
The animal weight in G3a, G3b, G3d, G4a, G4b, G4c &
G4d subgroups, showed significant increase compared to G2
group.Lymphocyte count:
This study recorded a significant increase in lymphocyte
count in G3d, G4b, G4c and G4d subgroups compared to G1
group. On the other hand, G3d, G4a, G4b, G4c and G4d
subgroups showed significant increase in lymphocyte count
compared to G2 group.
CD8 activity in blood:
The results of this study revealed that there was significant
increase in G4d subgroup compared to G1group. On the other
hand, G4b and G4d subgroups showed significant increase in
lymphocyte count compared to G2 group.
Granzyme B activity in blood:
The present study showed that the granzyme B activity
showed significant increase in G4d subgroup compared to G1
and G2 groups.
Caspase-3 activity:
The study showed a significant increase in caspase-3
activity for G4c and G4d subgroups compared to G1 and G2
subgroups.Serum MMP-(2&9) activities:
Gelatin zymography for serum MMP-(2&9) activity
(70&90KDa) in all the studied groups demonstrated that MMP2
and MMP9 bands were detected in all the studied groups but with
less pronounced bands than control group. The G4d subgroup
displays the less pronounced band compared to the other studied
groups and to control group.
Protein fractionation:
Gel electrophoresis for protein fractionation of Ehrlich
ascites protein, placental protein extract and in serum of all the
studied groups showed that Ehrlich ascites protein (lane 2) and
serum sample of placental protein extract (lane 3) are represented
by four bands. The first was observed at 7KDa, suggesting that it
is the migration inducing gene-7 (Mig-7). A second band was
detected between the 29KDa and 45kDa suggesting that it is for
trophoblast-derived growth factor. A third band was detected
at >67KDa suggesting that it is for integrin and a fourth band was
observed at >116KDa suggesting that it is for the epidermal
growth factor receptor (EGFR).