الفهرس 
Chapter 1: IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Energy is a cornerstone for achieving industrial development and economic prosperity. Wind energy has the most dominant share of the renewable energy sector in many countries leading the way for replacing fossil fuels. Wind Turbines (WT) are complex systems with undergoing development process that requires innovative methods of design and control. High growth and development rates of wind energy has led to a massive increase in complexity and scale of Wind Energy Conversion Systems (WECS). Therefore, it is required to upgrade methods and strategies for the design and implementation of WECS. Considering WECS as Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) will enable wind energy for the Internet of Energy (IoE). IoE is a cloud network where power sources with embedded and distributed intelligence are interfaced to smart grid and mass of consumption devices like smart buildings, appliances, and electric vehicles.
Initially, this thesis commences by characterizing current progress and categorizing areas of interest for recent research of wind energy in Egypt. Accordingly, a vision for existing gaps, futuristic directions and promising areas for research is formulated. Then, it introduces the potentials of Cyber-Physical (CP) integration of next-generation WECS. This formulation is conducted by surveying the advances and state-of-the-art technologies that enable WECS for IoE and discussing challenges and new requirements of future WECS as CPS like abstractions, networking, control, safety, security, sustainability, and social components.
Secondly, WT are studied through hybrid systems framework. Hybrid models of WT are extracted with representable dynamics from nonlinear complex design code. The WT model is formulated into a Mixed-Logical Dynamical (MLD) model and a Piecewise Affine (PWA) model. Then, a receding horizon control strategy is applied to WT hybrid model resulting in a Hybrid Model Predictive Control (HMPC) with Mixed-Integer Programming (MIP) problem. The analysis and investigation of HMPC highlight its capability as a potential tool for exploiting the control objectives of WT systems. Due to the complexity of the proposed HMPC, a Switched Model Predictive Controller (SMPC) is implemented and investigated for control objectives performance and real-time metrics. The SMPC is coded for real-time implementation using an embedded solver for the online optimal control problem.
Due to the difficulty of reliability on repeatable wind conditions and the high cost of field trials, most of the academic advanced control research on WT concentrate on control performance metrics and ignore real-time implementation and feasibility, especially with computationally intensive controllers like model predictive control (MPC). Consequently, the final part of this thesis concentrates on the evaluation of the real-time performance through the development of a CP emulator for Variable-Speed Variable-Pitch (VSVP) utility-scale WT. The emulator is implemented on an xPC target machine using a high-fidelity linear parameter-varying (LPV) model of a WT with augmented actuators and sensors models. The analysis and investigation of results highlight the feasibility and capability of SMPC for handling control objectives of WT systems within real-time using short control periods.