الفهرس 
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Abstract
Orthodontic treatment objectives can be stated as obtaining functional occlusion, esthetics, and stability. One of the criteria for obtaining a functional occlusion is to have ideal axial inclinations of all teeth at the end of active treatment.
In this study we tried to compare the torqueing effect on four anteriors retraction in both torqueing spring and closing T-loop during retraction, using the undersized ( 0.017 x 0.025- inch wires ) in ( 0.022 slot ) Rooth appliance to reduce the frictional component when sliding teeth along an arch wire.
This study was conducted over (20 patients). They suffered from class II dental relationship with crowding or over-jet. They were equally divided into two groups (10 each). They were all indicated for extraction of upper premolars. And Both sprinng and T-loop was activated every 21 days.
Concerning evaluation of upper incisors inclination, CBCTs were taken before and after retraction of the maxillary incisors to assess the amount of change in inclination during the process of retraction using new method of 3D analysis by a specific software program.
Regarding the low angular changes of all anterior teeth of the group using of torqueing spring, it produced significantly more torque control during retraction of upper four incisors than the T-Loop group at the end of treatment.