الفهرس 
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Abstract
With the increasing use of dyes in many different industries these days, the pollution of water by dyes has become a major danger day by day, so control of water pollution has become increasingly important in recent years due to the increase in population, development and diversified industries.
Increasing industrialization and preparation increases the need for waste disposal in the environment, which in turn leads to increased pollution. The disposal of toxic waste from different industries negatively affects water resources, aquatic organisms and ecosystem integrity because these dyes are carcinogenic to both animals and humans.
In particular, the increasing demand for textile products makes the textile industry a major source of water pollution problems, as well as the increasing need for industrial food coloring. In fact, the main problem comes from dyes, which are mainly used to color synthetic and natural fabrics. Waste dye is one of the most problematic contaminants because it can easily be identified by the human eye and can not be easily degraded. Although most dyes are low toxic, Its components and products can be more toxic.
In addition to the environmental problem, the textile industry consumes large quantities of drinking water in many countries where the scarcity of potable water. This large consumption of water is not possible. Also, these dyes are stable and can remain in the environment for a long period of time. It was recommended to recycle wastewater to reduce water requirements and recycle the dyes for reuse.
More and more attention has been directed to the disposal of effluents containing dye,
These effluents must be treated before discharge into natural water streams. The most important and most famous methods of treatment of these wastes are physical and chemical methods such as chemical coagulation / depletion, ozone, oxidation, filtration, ion exchange, adsorption, and electrolysis methods have been widely used to remove these pigments from water.
In some cases, these methods are not feasible because they are too expensive, and the problems of their working experience are very dangerous. Although the physical and chemical methods provide a high color clearance, they are not suitable because the color removal efficiency varies from one dye to another Sewage, so it is very expensive ways.
Biological methods are usually the most effective treatment applications because they offer lower operating costs and improved application. Microbial removal methods, such as removal by planting plants in the middle or by microbial biomass (live or dead), are commonly used in the treatment of industrial effluents Because many microorganisms, such as bacteria, yeasts, algae and fungi, are able to remove different varieties of dyes.
The main objective of this thesis is to evaluate the use of both wet and dry yeast as a living material in the treatment of polluted water from some organic pollutants and to optimize the factors that lead to maximum organic efficiency in removal by achieving two basic conditions:
1 - Use yeast as both live materials to treat water contaminated with some organic pollutants.
2. Adjustment of the appropriate conditions for yeast to achieve maximum removal of the sewage sludge to detect the factors leading to the maximum removal of organic matter.
Two types of baker’s yeast (dry and wet) were used to remove organic pigments from the water by breaking down the organic content of contaminated water. Methyl orange, caramosine and blue moxoline were used for this purpose.
By changing the factors affecting removal efficiency, the best conditions for maximum removal were identified. Yeast has proved highly efficient in achieving the removal of those pigments of water, and this method is natural and inexpensive and does not cause pollution to the environment.
where factors such as pH and basality, pigment concentration and biomass change were tested at experimental intervals. The effect of pH on the biological pigment was studied in the pH range from 3 to 11. The effect of different concentrations of both glucose, table salt and yeast (dry and wet) was also investigated using different concentrations of the three tinctures.
The maximum color removal was found at pH 5 for both yeast types, where the pH value appears to be the most suitable pH for maximum yeast activity.
The increase in the yeast dose (dry or wet) also causes an increase in the efficiency of color removal, as yeast increases the efficiency of biodegradation of the dye, and the amount of the organism is also an effective agent of the biodegradation process.
The increase in the saline dose for both yeast (dry or wet) has resulted in a corresponding increase in the efficiency of color removal, as increased salt concentration increases the efficiency of dye decomposition and then maximizes saturation absorption at high concentrations.
Also the increase in glucose dose for both yeast (dry or wet) causes an increase in the corresponding efficiency of color removal, as increasing the concentration of glucose increases the efficiency of biodegradation of the dye.