الفهرس 
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Abstract
Introduction: Vitamin D is a group of fat-soluble molecules that are structurally similar to steroid and important micronutrient for healthy, Vitamin D regulates the production of the antimicrobial peptides cathelicdin and beta-defensin-2, which play an important role in the innate immune response to infection, Vitamin D plays a role in regulating the actions of lymphocytes, mast cells, antigen-presenting cells, and structural cells to dampen excessive inflammatory responses.The aim of work: To study the effect of standard dose versus high dose vitamin D supplementation in prevention of acute respiratory infection and wheezes in infants. Research Plan: This is a Prospective Randomized clinical trial Cohort Study that was carried at Mansoura University Children’s Hospital (MUCH) during the period from January to December 2018 The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board; an Informed consent was obtained from the parents of each infant before they are enrolled in the study.Study population Ninety healthy term neonates recruited sequentially from the outpatient clinics at (MUCH) in the first month of life. Inclusion criteria Healthy term newborn babies of appropriate size for gestational age (37weeks gestation and weight 2.500 To 3.500). Exclusion criteria Infants with small size for gestational age. nfants with gestational age < 37 weeks.Infants with Congenital heart disease.Infants with congenital stridor or noisy breathing.Infants with chronic lung disease as cystic fibrosis.MethodsCases were blindly divided into two groups to receive either:Standard dose of vitamin D 400 IU (45 cases).High dose of vitamin D 1200IU (45 cases).For cases (both groups) the following were done Neonatal history includes gestational age, birth weight, perinatal infections, fever, antibiotics, delivery type, neonatal hospitalization, single or multiple births and prenatal care. Maternal history includes bleeding as placenta previa, medical illness as bronchial asthma, drug history, previous sibling, and smoking. History taking and physical examination enrollment, then after one month and at the end of the study including:Compliance on vitamin D, symptom of URTIs and its number of recurrences.Physical examination includes general, systemic examination and anthropometric measurement.o Blood samples were taken for vitamin D assay before vitamin D supplementation and at the end of the study. Comparing the outcome of the cases in different doses of vitamin D (between the two groups) as regard:The number of acute respiratory tract infections and wheezes that occurred in the previous year of the study.The frequency of hospitalization due to acute respiratory infections and wheezy chest in both groups.Serum vitamin-D in the two groups after one year of therapy.Results: Our study does not support the routine use of high-dose vitamin D supplementation in children for the prevention of acute respiratory tract infections and wheezy chest, as there recommended low daily dose 400IU is quite sufficient. Conclusion: The majority of infants under study had deficient serum 25OHD levels, either they experienced respiratory problems.