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Abstract In bone marrow trephines, morphological and immunohistochemical characteristics are not always sufficient to discriminate between malignant and reactive lymphoid infiltrates. Arguments favoring the reactive nature of lymphoid aggregates are a well-defined border, an interstitial location, a mixed population of B and T lymphocytes, and an expression of both immunoglobulin light chains. In contrast, criteria favoring malignancy are an irregularly defined border, a para or peritrabecular location of lymphoid aggregates, more than 3 aggregates per trephine section, and a predominance of B lymphocytes. It can be concluded from the current study, that both conventional CISH and IHC is effective in determining monoclonality in cases of mature B- cell neoplasms that have plasmacytic differentiation and with a high amount of cytoplasmic Ig light chain such as MZL and LP. However, they are not effective in determining monoclonality in cases with low amount of Ig light chain such as cases of pre-germinal and germinal center lymphoma. Yet, CISH is more informative than IHC due to the lack of background staining which allows for greater discrimination between absence and presence of monoclonality. |