الفهرس 
Chapter 1 Introduction and Literature SurveyOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The present work is focused on characterization and study different physical characterization of the Polyethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) before and after being filled with various mass fractions of inorganic filler using solution-casting technique. Investigation of physical properties for the prepared samples evolve using different characterization techniques including Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, Ultraviolet and visible (UV/Vis.) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) for structural properties, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for surface morphology, and vibrating sample magnometer (VSM) for Magnetic properties. In addition, the activity of prepared samples against different pathogenic grams also studied. XRD indicates that by increasing the concentration of copper ions the crystallinity decreased because the copper ion take in-between position inside the polymer matrix chain. FT-IR indicates that the changes in stretching vibrational bands at 1330 and 1650 cm-1 owing to CH2 wagging and carbonyl stretching vibrations respectively due to interstitial position UV/Vis. analysis used to determine the optical properties and to calculate the variation of optical energy gap. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) used to study the nature of samples surface and support the interaction between polymeric matrix (EVOH) and copper chloride. VSM explained that all samples except no doped one exhibit some type of magnetic characteristics. Antimicrobial activity of pristine EVOH and EVOH with various amount of copper chloride are tested against two gram negative pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeuroginosa), two gram positive pathogenic bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis) to detect the antimicrobial behavior. The prepared films show a good antibacterial compared to the activity of antibiotic Ampicillin. Synthesized samples containing copper chloride reveal antibacterial activity that increases with increasing filler concentration.