الفهرس 
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Abstract
For the shortage of water resources in Egypt and Arab countries, A need to develop low cost technology of seawater desalination to save a resource of potable water. The objective of this thesis is to improve the recovery ratio and the efficiency with minimum cost of the direct Solar desalination system plant using concentrated mirrors. The pilot plant was erected on the experimental laboratory site area of faculty of engineering, Ain Shams university, Cairo, Egypt. This study was made in summer in four months which covers the best climatic period which helped in obtaining the best performance of the pilot plant.
The pilot plant after the improvement was made from acrylic with a glass face to allow the Sun rays passing through it and heat the raw water without any losing in energy. The system used three mirrors of galvanic steel to concentrate sun rays on seawater channels and directed for the all Sunshine period. The raw water heated by a solar collector made from a red copper in wooden box lined with a glassy wool and galvanized steel sheet painted with a black and covered with a glass.
The measurements for temperature, TDS, PH, and the flow rate of inlet and outlet waters and recorded the air temperature, humidity ratio and the sunshine period.
The results were good in quality and quantity of produced fresh water with minimum cost. The thesis shows that the recovery ratio was (8%-45%) which is a good ratio and TDS was 120 ppm even though the degree of salinity of inlet seawater that tell us the high efficiency of the pilot plant in salts removal.
The low in construction cost, easy in operating, and the high of efficiency give it the chance to be the most preferable solution for desalination technically and financially.