الفهرس 
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Abstract
Redo hypospadias repair continues to be a challenging operative experience. Fortunately, in the recent past, improved operative techniques, advances in surgical instrumentations, magnifications and suture material have decreased the number of patients with repeated complications. However, there remains a small group of children who require repeated operative repair of the urethra and who lack non hair bearing genital tissue.
These complications are unfortunate consequence of hypospadias repair, ranging from a small fistula that requires only simple closure to complete loss of the neourethra, requiring total reconstruction. Surgical therapy of these complications can be challenging, especially for the patients who have no sufficient penile and preputial skin to be used for a neourthera. Many procedures with many different urethral substitutions have been described for the repair of complications.
In this thesis, 30 patients with redo hypospadias were managed by different techniques. The choice of operative technique depends on: type of hypospadias, presence or absence of chordee and the condition of the nearby skin. So, the patients were classified into 4 groups;
group (A): 7 patients had TIP urethroplasty, group (B), 2 patients had Thierch Duplay urethroplasty, group (C) 13 patients had buccal mucosal graft and group (D) 8 patients had posterior hypospadias one or two stage repair done. 19 patients (63.3%) had successful repair, 6 patients (20%) developed urethracutaneous fistula, 2 cases (6.6%) developed meatal stenosis and 2 cases (6.6%) developed urethral stricture. Only one patient (3.3%) had complete failure due to sever postoperative infection.
The variations in techniques used in the repair of these redo patients means that there is no single, universally applicable technique for hypospadias repair. So, further experience with a large number of cases of Redo hypospadias is necessary to determine the applicability of these techniques for repair of more proximal and complex hypospadias defects.