الفهرس 
AcknowledgementOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The aim of this work is to carry out phytochemical and biological investigation of the bioactive constituents isolated from the whole grains of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) in order to discover new compounds with proved biological activities. This represented study intends to build up a novel, green, quick microwave assisted extraction (MAE) strategy for the productive huge scale extraction of bioactive compounds, and to assess the viability of the proposed extraction system in contrast to routine extraction strategies. Part I: Optimization of microwave assisted extraction of total phenolic contents from Triticum aestivum L. whole-grain cereal The ideal conditions for MAE (Microwave Assisted Extraction) of TPC (Total Phenolic Contents) from Triticum aestivum grains were optimized. A productive MAE process with modified house holded microwave equipment has been created for quick extraction of TPC from Triticum aestivum L. grains. MAE method is utilized on extensive scale to separate all the bioactive constituents present in these grains. Part II: Phytochemical investigation of wheat grains (Triticum aestivum L.) and pearl millet grains (Pennisetum glaucum ) and structure elucidation of the isolated compounds The preliminary phytochemical screening was done first in both grains. Phytochemical investigation of the n-hexane, methylene chloride, EtOAc and n-butanol fractions wheat grains (Triticum aestivum L.) afforded isolation of seventeen compounds among them five new isolated compounds. Comparative Phytochemical Investigation of Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) grains with wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grains resulted in separation of four flavonoidal compounds. Part III: Biological screening of the different extracts and some of the isolated compounds for anti-oxidant and cytotoxicity activities of wheat grains (Triticum aestivum L.) and pearl millet grains (Pennisetum glaucum L.) Screening of the antioxidant activity of the different fractions and the isolated compounds of wheat and Pearl millet grains using ABTS Antioxidant assay showed different activities according to their contents of bioactive compounds. Total phenolic content was determined and we can conclude that the antioxidant activity is not restricted to phenolic compounds and may be related to other types of compounds. Measurement of Potential Cytotoxicity of the different extracts and some of the isolated compounds of wheat and Pearl millet grains against Mammary gland and human colon cell lines using MTT colorimetric assay revealed different activities range.