الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
he pancreas is a soft, glandular organ, 12-15–cm, lies on the
posterior abdominal wall in transverse to slightly oblique
retroperitoneal position, immediately anterior to the spine at the level
of L1–L2 vertebrae.
The pancreas is part of the gastrointestinal system that makes
and secrete digestive enzymes into the intestine, and also an endocrine
organ that makes and secretes hormones into the blood to control
energy metabolism and storage throughout the body.
Energy drinks are non-alcoholic, often lightly carbonated
beverages that are designed to give the consumer a burst of energy by
the addition of a number of energy enhancing ingredients, most
notably caffeine. These are commonly available in grocery stores,
super markets, vending machines, usually displayed alongside soft
drinks, juices and sports drinks. These are manufactured in small,
bullet-shaped cans.
Energy drinks are usually formulated to give the consumer an
energy by using a combination of methylxanthines, B vitamins
complex, and exotic herbal ingredients .
Energy drinks commonly include caffeine, other plant based
stimulants (guarana, ephedrine, yerba mate), simple sugars (glucose,
fructose), amino acids (taurine, carnitine, creatine), herbs (various
forms of ginseng, ginkgo biloba), maltodextrin, inositol,
Glucuronolactone (a naturally occurring glucose metabolite).Some
contain high levels of sugar, while most brands also offer an
artificially sweetened version. Often manufacturers add a very small
dose of a powerful stimulant such as carnitine,