الفهرس 
ContentsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
•Objectives: 1.Study kinds or types of maintenance systems. There are 5 kinds or types of maintenance systems recreation areas. 2.Three kinds or types of maintenance systems were chosen (technical system- internal management system and specialized company system). 3. Five ornamental plant species of common plants were chosen in the resorts for evaluation, taking in consideration the effect of maintenance systems throughout the four climatic seasons of the year. •Methods & Results: -The study included the following: Study 3 types of maintenance systems (technical system, internal management system and specialized company system)and the three maintenance systems were applied on five plant groups which resemble four plant species(Ficus retusa, Hibiscus rosa sinensis, Myoporum pictum, Vinca rosea and Paspalum vaginatum). Evaluation of these factors included some plant growth and quality parameters such as plant height, crown diameter, stem diameter and plant performance. A questionnaire for provisional working in maintenance was done with the aim of knowledge about the different factors which affect on landscape grading and maintenance in this resort and anther resorts.-The results showed that the specialized company system was the best as it based on a specialized company with consultants, experienced and specialized technicians followed by internal management system then technical system with lowest value. The good system and its components are appropriate in terms of types, quantities and appropriate dates this all due to accumulated experience and recommendations and this appeared in plant height, crown diameter, stem diameter and plant performance. The results showed great differences between the four climatic seasons in plant species under the investigation. Generally, the results showed that most of the studied plant species had better results in spring and summer while there were bad effects on plants in winter due to ( wind- salt spray-savory- salinity), but we can decrease these effects on plants with protection and good designs. •Conclusion: The efficiency of plant growth and its landscape value is affected with more than one factor like the responsible for maintenance and maintenance program (irrigation, fertilization, weed removal and pesticide management and soon…). Although several factors share the same effect on plant growth and landscape value, one can say the maintenance system is main effective one. The least system for maintaining green areas was technical system because it gives the least results; we do not prefer using this system for maintaining green areas. The best system for maintaining green areas was specialized company system as results showed that because it gives the best results.